organic compounds
10H-Phenothiazine 5-oxide
aDepartment of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: syyang@xmu.edu.cn
In the title compound, C12H9NOS, the sulfoxide O atom is disordered over two sites with occupancies of 0.907 (4) and 0.093 (4). The dihedral angle betweeen the two aromatic rings is 18.40 (14)°. Different types of supramolecular interactions including intermolecular N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and π–π contacts [centroid–centroid distances = 3.9096 (16) and 4.1423 (16) Å] between the aromatic rings of symmetry-related molecules are observed in the crystal structure.
Related literature
For N-arylphenothiazine structures, see: Chu & Van der Helm (1974, 1975, 1976) and for N-arylphenothiazine oxide structures, see: Chu et al. (1985), Wang et al. (2009). For a dioxophenothiazinium cation co-crystallized with terephthalate trihydrate, see: Zhu et al. (2007).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Refinement
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Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2002); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2002); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2010); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810047914/si2310sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536810047914/si2310Isup2.hkl
A mixture of 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (0.5 mmol) and phenothiazine (0.5 mmol) was dissolved in 10 ml THF. The solution changed from colorless to red in air in several hours. Brown crystals were obtained by slow evaporation for about 4 days at room temperature.
The aromatic H atoms were generated geometrically (C—H 0.93, N—H 0.86 Å) and were allowed to ride on their parent atoms in the riding model approximations, with their temperature factors set to 1.2 times those of the parent atoms. The position of the oxygen atom is refined at two sites, with occupancy factors of 0.907 (4) and 0.093 (4).
The crystal structures of N-arylphenothiazine (Chu & Van der Helm, 1974, 1975, 1976), N-arylphenothiazine oxides (Chu et al., 1985; Wang et al., 2009) and dioxide (Zhu et al., 2007) have been reported, yet that of phenothiazine or its oxide has not been reported. The title compound (I) was obtained by the oxidation of phenothiazine in THF solution in air.
In the structure of I (Fig. 1), the sulfoxide O atom is disordered over two sites and the occupancy factors are 0.907 (4) (boat-axial S—O) and 0.093 (4) (boat-equatorial S—O). The same disorder in 10-acetyl-10H-phenothiazine 5-oxide was reported recently (Wang et al., 2009). The weighted average S—O distance of 1.471 Å in I is comparable to 1.466 Å in 10-acetyl-10H-phenothiazine 5-oxide, 1.498 (2) Å in 10-methylphenothiazine 5-oxide, and longer than 1.446 Å for dioxophenothiazinium cation (Zhu et al. 2007). The significantly shorter N—C distances in I than those in other N-arylphenothiazines or oxides are due to N—H instead of N-aryl groups (see the following table). For the same reason the dihedral angle betweeen the two benzene rings 18.40 (14) ° in I is smaller than those in the other compounds.
N—C (Å) substituent (reference)
1.365 (3), 1.368 (3) H (this work)
1.402 (2), 1.455 (5) methyl (Chu & Van der Helm, 1974)
1.406 (4), 1.427 (4) ethyl (Chu & Van der Helm, 1975)
1.410 (2), 1.414 (2) isopropyl (Chu & Van der Helm, 1976)
1.428 (2), 1.436 (2) acetyl (Wang et al., 2009)
1.409 (3), 1.409 (3) 2-dimethylammonium-propyl (Zhu et al. 2007)
In the π–π contacts between the aromatic rings [centroid to centroid distances = 3.9096 (16) and 4.1423 (16) Å] of symmetry-related molecules are observed.
(Fig. 2), intermolecular interactions N—H···O hydrogen bond andFor N-arylphenothiazine structures, see: Chu & Van der Helm (1974, 1975, 1976) and for N-arylphenothiazine oxide structures, see: Chu et al. (1985), Wang et al. (2009). For a dioxophenothiazinium cation co-crystallized with terephthalate trihydrate, see: Zhu et al. (2007).
Data collection: SMART (Bruker, 2002); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2002); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2002); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2010); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).C12H9NOS | F(000) = 448 |
Mr = 215.26 | Dx = 1.398 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Hall symbol: -P 2ybc | Cell parameters from 3079 reflections |
a = 6.4482 (4) Å | θ = 2.7–27.3° |
b = 7.6610 (5) Å | µ = 0.29 mm−1 |
c = 22.0956 (14) Å | T = 297 K |
β = 110.466 (2)° | Block, brown |
V = 1022.62 (11) Å3 | 0.50 × 0.50 × 0.40 mm |
Z = 4 |
Bruker APEX area-detector diffractometer | 2361 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1962 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.029 |
φ and ω scan | θmax = 28.6°, θmin = 2.0° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2002) | h = −8→8 |
Tmin = 0.871, Tmax = 0.895 | k = −9→9 |
7632 measured reflections | l = −28→29 |
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.063 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.175 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.04 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.098P)2 + 0.4384P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2361 reflections | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
146 parameters | Δρmax = 0.44 e Å−3 |
6 restraints | Δρmin = −0.19 e Å−3 |
C12H9NOS | V = 1022.62 (11) Å3 |
Mr = 215.26 | Z = 4 |
Monoclinic, P21/c | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 6.4482 (4) Å | µ = 0.29 mm−1 |
b = 7.6610 (5) Å | T = 297 K |
c = 22.0956 (14) Å | 0.50 × 0.50 × 0.40 mm |
β = 110.466 (2)° |
Bruker APEX area-detector diffractometer | 2361 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2002) | 1962 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.871, Tmax = 0.895 | Rint = 0.029 |
7632 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.063 | 6 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.175 | H-atom parameters constrained |
S = 1.04 | Δρmax = 0.44 e Å−3 |
2361 reflections | Δρmin = −0.19 e Å−3 |
146 parameters |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
S5 | 0.42382 (10) | 0.16598 (9) | 0.58407 (3) | 0.0511 (3) | |
O5 | 0.5476 (3) | 0.3348 (3) | 0.60011 (10) | 0.0515 (6) | 0.907 (4) |
O5' | 0.537 (2) | 0.0431 (17) | 0.5773 (6) | 0.024 (4) | 0.093 (4) |
N10 | −0.0212 (3) | 0.2763 (3) | 0.59516 (10) | 0.0465 (5) | |
H10A | −0.1256 | 0.3363 | 0.6009 | 0.056* | |
C1 | −0.1959 (5) | 0.3230 (3) | 0.48155 (14) | 0.0563 (7) | |
H1A | −0.3197 | 0.3677 | 0.4885 | 0.068* | |
C2 | −0.1951 (6) | 0.3105 (4) | 0.42027 (16) | 0.0695 (9) | |
H2A | −0.3182 | 0.3472 | 0.3859 | 0.083* | |
C3 | −0.0141 (7) | 0.2438 (4) | 0.40843 (15) | 0.0746 (10) | |
H3A | −0.0169 | 0.2332 | 0.3662 | 0.090* | |
C4A | 0.1721 (4) | 0.2076 (3) | 0.52193 (12) | 0.0459 (6) | |
C4 | 0.1689 (6) | 0.1936 (4) | 0.45877 (15) | 0.0624 (8) | |
H4A | 0.2917 | 0.1500 | 0.4509 | 0.075* | |
C5A | 0.3231 (4) | 0.1236 (3) | 0.64649 (12) | 0.0458 (6) | |
C6 | 0.4605 (5) | 0.0291 (4) | 0.69942 (15) | 0.0621 (8) | |
H6A | 0.5904 | −0.0202 | 0.6979 | 0.075* | |
C7 | 0.4058 (6) | 0.0086 (4) | 0.75312 (16) | 0.0750 (9) | |
H7A | 0.4974 | −0.0554 | 0.7880 | 0.090* | |
C8 | 0.2155 (7) | 0.0822 (4) | 0.75575 (15) | 0.0725 (9) | |
H8A | 0.1807 | 0.0699 | 0.7930 | 0.087* | |
C9A | 0.1255 (4) | 0.1936 (3) | 0.64756 (12) | 0.0433 (5) | |
C9 | 0.0752 (5) | 0.1739 (4) | 0.70411 (15) | 0.0592 (7) | |
H9A | −0.0533 | 0.2232 | 0.7067 | 0.071* | |
C10A | −0.0122 (4) | 0.2694 (3) | 0.53439 (12) | 0.0429 (5) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
S5 | 0.0328 (4) | 0.0552 (4) | 0.0649 (5) | 0.0046 (2) | 0.0165 (3) | −0.0057 (3) |
O5 | 0.0265 (9) | 0.0631 (13) | 0.0647 (13) | −0.0072 (8) | 0.0156 (9) | −0.0056 (9) |
O5' | 0.024 (4) | 0.025 (4) | 0.025 (4) | 0.0011 (10) | 0.0089 (16) | −0.0008 (10) |
N10 | 0.0303 (9) | 0.0531 (12) | 0.0573 (13) | 0.0056 (9) | 0.0166 (9) | 0.0031 (10) |
C1 | 0.0421 (14) | 0.0503 (14) | 0.0633 (17) | −0.0057 (11) | 0.0018 (12) | 0.0081 (12) |
C2 | 0.067 (2) | 0.0634 (18) | 0.0589 (18) | −0.0144 (15) | −0.0016 (15) | 0.0080 (14) |
C3 | 0.096 (3) | 0.073 (2) | 0.0481 (17) | −0.026 (2) | 0.0172 (17) | −0.0066 (15) |
C4A | 0.0401 (13) | 0.0447 (12) | 0.0511 (14) | −0.0055 (10) | 0.0139 (11) | −0.0057 (10) |
C4 | 0.0675 (19) | 0.0626 (17) | 0.0614 (17) | −0.0154 (14) | 0.0279 (15) | −0.0152 (14) |
C5A | 0.0364 (12) | 0.0416 (12) | 0.0532 (14) | −0.0010 (10) | 0.0077 (10) | −0.0025 (10) |
C6 | 0.0524 (16) | 0.0517 (15) | 0.0674 (18) | 0.0074 (12) | 0.0024 (13) | 0.0060 (13) |
C7 | 0.080 (2) | 0.0612 (19) | 0.063 (2) | −0.0008 (17) | −0.0001 (17) | 0.0118 (15) |
C8 | 0.095 (3) | 0.0701 (19) | 0.0504 (17) | −0.0125 (18) | 0.0227 (17) | 0.0062 (14) |
C9A | 0.0352 (12) | 0.0415 (12) | 0.0502 (14) | −0.0050 (9) | 0.0113 (10) | −0.0005 (10) |
C9 | 0.0559 (17) | 0.0644 (17) | 0.0630 (17) | −0.0101 (13) | 0.0278 (14) | −0.0038 (13) |
C10A | 0.0333 (11) | 0.0391 (11) | 0.0526 (14) | −0.0056 (9) | 0.0101 (10) | 0.0009 (10) |
S5—O5' | 1.233 (13) | C4A—C10A | 1.393 (3) |
S5—O5 | 1.496 (2) | C4A—C4 | 1.393 (4) |
S5—C5A | 1.748 (3) | C4—H4A | 0.9300 |
S5—C4A | 1.750 (3) | C5A—C9A | 1.390 (3) |
N10—C10A | 1.365 (3) | C5A—C6 | 1.397 (4) |
N10—C9A | 1.368 (3) | C6—C7 | 1.360 (5) |
N10—H10A | 0.8600 | C6—H6A | 0.9300 |
C1—C2 | 1.359 (5) | C7—C8 | 1.370 (5) |
C1—C10A | 1.403 (3) | C7—H7A | 0.9300 |
C1—H1A | 0.9300 | C8—C9 | 1.376 (5) |
C2—C3 | 1.380 (5) | C8—H8A | 0.9300 |
C2—H2A | 0.9300 | C9A—C9 | 1.404 (4) |
C3—C4 | 1.364 (5) | C9—H9A | 0.9300 |
C3—H3A | 0.9300 | ||
O5'—S5—O5 | 113.5 (6) | C4A—C4—H4A | 120.0 |
O5'—S5—C5A | 110.7 (6) | C9A—C5A—C6 | 120.1 (3) |
O5—S5—C5A | 106.75 (12) | C9A—C5A—S5 | 122.5 (2) |
O5'—S5—C4A | 118.1 (6) | C6—C5A—S5 | 117.0 (2) |
O5—S5—C4A | 107.46 (12) | C7—C6—C5A | 120.5 (3) |
C5A—S5—C4A | 98.86 (12) | C7—C6—H6A | 119.7 |
C10A—N10—C9A | 124.1 (2) | C5A—C6—H6A | 119.7 |
C10A—N10—H10A | 118.0 | C6—C7—C8 | 119.9 (3) |
C9A—N10—H10A | 118.0 | C6—C7—H7A | 120.0 |
C2—C1—C10A | 120.8 (3) | C8—C7—H7A | 120.0 |
C2—C1—H1A | 119.6 | C7—C8—C9 | 120.9 (3) |
C10A—C1—H1A | 119.6 | C7—C8—H8A | 119.5 |
C1—C2—C3 | 120.8 (3) | C9—C8—H8A | 119.5 |
C1—C2—H2A | 119.6 | N10—C9A—C5A | 122.1 (2) |
C3—C2—H2A | 119.6 | N10—C9A—C9 | 119.8 (2) |
C4—C3—C2 | 119.9 (3) | C5A—C9A—C9 | 118.2 (2) |
C4—C3—H3A | 120.1 | C8—C9—C9A | 120.2 (3) |
C2—C3—H3A | 120.1 | C8—C9—H9A | 119.9 |
C10A—C4A—C4 | 120.6 (3) | C9A—C9—H9A | 119.9 |
C10A—C4A—S5 | 121.9 (2) | N10—C10A—C4A | 122.7 (2) |
C4—C4A—S5 | 117.2 (2) | N10—C10A—C1 | 119.6 (2) |
C3—C4—C4A | 120.1 (3) | C4A—C10A—C1 | 117.7 (3) |
C3—C4—H4A | 120.0 | ||
C10A—C1—C2—C3 | 0.3 (4) | C5A—C6—C7—C8 | −0.6 (5) |
C1—C2—C3—C4 | −1.6 (5) | C6—C7—C8—C9 | 1.5 (5) |
O5'—S5—C4A—C10A | 145.5 (7) | C10A—N10—C9A—C5A | 13.3 (4) |
O5—S5—C4A—C10A | −84.5 (2) | C10A—N10—C9A—C9 | −165.2 (2) |
C5A—S5—C4A—C10A | 26.3 (2) | C6—C5A—C9A—N10 | −175.3 (2) |
O5'—S5—C4A—C4 | −40.9 (7) | S5—C5A—C9A—N10 | 11.0 (3) |
O5—S5—C4A—C4 | 89.1 (2) | C6—C5A—C9A—C9 | 3.2 (4) |
C5A—S5—C4A—C4 | −160.1 (2) | S5—C5A—C9A—C9 | −170.48 (19) |
C2—C3—C4—C4A | 0.8 (5) | C7—C8—C9—C9A | 0.0 (5) |
C10A—C4A—C4—C3 | 1.3 (4) | N10—C9A—C9—C8 | 176.2 (3) |
S5—C4A—C4—C3 | −172.4 (2) | C5A—C9A—C9—C8 | −2.3 (4) |
O5'—S5—C5A—C9A | −151.4 (7) | C9A—N10—C10A—C4A | −13.6 (4) |
O5—S5—C5A—C9A | 84.6 (2) | C9A—N10—C10A—C1 | 165.2 (2) |
C4A—S5—C5A—C9A | −26.7 (2) | C4—C4A—C10A—N10 | 176.3 (2) |
O5'—S5—C5A—C6 | 34.7 (7) | S5—C4A—C10A—N10 | −10.4 (3) |
O5—S5—C5A—C6 | −89.3 (2) | C4—C4A—C10A—C1 | −2.5 (4) |
C4A—S5—C5A—C6 | 159.4 (2) | S5—C4A—C10A—C1 | 170.87 (18) |
C9A—C5A—C6—C7 | −1.8 (4) | C2—C1—C10A—N10 | −177.1 (2) |
S5—C5A—C6—C7 | 172.2 (2) | C2—C1—C10A—C4A | 1.7 (4) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N10—H10A···O5i | 0.86 | 2.10 | 2.856 (3) | 146 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1, y, z. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C12H9NOS |
Mr | 215.26 |
Crystal system, space group | Monoclinic, P21/c |
Temperature (K) | 297 |
a, b, c (Å) | 6.4482 (4), 7.6610 (5), 22.0956 (14) |
β (°) | 110.466 (2) |
V (Å3) | 1022.62 (11) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 0.29 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.50 × 0.50 × 0.40 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Bruker APEX area-detector |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Bruker, 2002) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.871, 0.895 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 7632, 2361, 1962 |
Rint | 0.029 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.674 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.063, 0.175, 1.04 |
No. of reflections | 2361 |
No. of parameters | 146 |
No. of restraints | 6 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.44, −0.19 |
Computer programs: SMART (Bruker, 2002), SAINT (Bruker, 2002), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2010), publCIF (Westrip, 2010).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N10—H10A···O5i | 0.86 | 2.10 | 2.856 (3) | 146.1 |
Symmetry code: (i) x−1, y, z. |
Acknowledgements
We are grateful for financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 20471049, 21071117) and NFFTBS (No. J1030415).
References
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The crystal structures of N-arylphenothiazine (Chu & Van der Helm, 1974, 1975, 1976), N-arylphenothiazine oxides (Chu et al., 1985; Wang et al., 2009) and dioxide (Zhu et al., 2007) have been reported, yet that of phenothiazine or its oxide has not been reported. The title compound (I) was obtained by the oxidation of phenothiazine in THF solution in air.
In the structure of I (Fig. 1), the sulfoxide O atom is disordered over two sites and the occupancy factors are 0.907 (4) (boat-axial S—O) and 0.093 (4) (boat-equatorial S—O). The same disorder in 10-acetyl-10H-phenothiazine 5-oxide was reported recently (Wang et al., 2009). The weighted average S—O distance of 1.471 Å in I is comparable to 1.466 Å in 10-acetyl-10H-phenothiazine 5-oxide, 1.498 (2) Å in 10-methylphenothiazine 5-oxide, and longer than 1.446 Å for dioxophenothiazinium cation (Zhu et al. 2007). The significantly shorter N—C distances in I than those in other N-arylphenothiazines or oxides are due to N—H instead of N-aryl groups (see the following table). For the same reason the dihedral angle betweeen the two benzene rings 18.40 (14) ° in I is smaller than those in the other compounds.
N—C (Å) substituent (reference)
1.365 (3), 1.368 (3) H (this work)
1.402 (2), 1.455 (5) methyl (Chu & Van der Helm, 1974)
1.406 (4), 1.427 (4) ethyl (Chu & Van der Helm, 1975)
1.410 (2), 1.414 (2) isopropyl (Chu & Van der Helm, 1976)
1.428 (2), 1.436 (2) acetyl (Wang et al., 2009)
1.409 (3), 1.409 (3) 2-dimethylammonium-propyl (Zhu et al. 2007)
In the crystal structure (Fig. 2), intermolecular interactions N—H···O hydrogen bond and π–π contacts between the aromatic rings [centroid to centroid distances = 3.9096 (16) and 4.1423 (16) Å] of symmetry-related molecules are observed.