organic compounds
Isopropyltriphenylphosphonium bromide monohydrate
aSchool of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, TaiShan Medical University, Tai'an 271016, People's Republic of China
*Correspondence e-mail: binboll@126.com
In the title water-solvated salt, C21H22P+·Br−·H2O, the ionic components are linked by short C—H⋯Br contacts along the a-axis direction. The two half occupied water molecules are connected to each other by strong O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds and they are also linked to the bromide anion by short O—H⋯Br contacts.
Related literature
For information on phase-transfer catalysts, see: Asai et al. (1994). For the of tetraphenylphosphoniuum bromide, see: Alcock et al. (1985). For standard bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).
Experimental
Crystal data
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL.
Supporting information
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811044849/su2327sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811044849/su2327Isup2.hkl
Supporting information file. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600536811044849/su2327Isup3.cml
Triphenyl phosphine (10.5 g) and 2-bromopropane (4.2 mL) were placed in a teflon lined tube. The sealed tube was placed in an autoclave and heated to 433 K for 48 h, then cooled at a rate of 10 K/min. Colourless block-like crystals of the title compound were obtained.
The water H atoms were located in difference Fourier maps and were subsequently treated as riding atoms: O—H = 0.85 Å with Uiso(H) = 1.5Ueq(O). The C-bound H-atoms were included in calculated positions and treated as riding atoms: C-H = 0.93, 0.96, and 0.98 Å for CH(aromatic), CH3, and CH(methine) H-atoms, respectively, with = k × Ueq(parent C-atom), where k = 1.5 for CH3 H-atoms and k = 1.2 for all other H-atoms.
The title compound belongs to a family of phase transfer catalysts, which usually contain large alkyl or aryl ions, such as R4N+,R4P+,R4B- etc. Because of their ease of dissolution in water, such salts have a conveninient to satisfactory hydrophobic hydration(Asai, et al., 1994).
The asymmetry unit of the title structure consists of one isopropyltriphenylphosphonium cation, one bromide anion and two half occupied water molecules (Fig. 1). In contrast with tetraphenylphosphonium salts, the major character of the cation of the title compound is that one phenyl group has been substituted by an isopropyl group. The fluctuation of the Cphenyl—P1 bond lengths in the title compound [from 1.789 (4)–1.806 (4) Å] is similar to that in the
of tetraphenylphosphonium bromide [1.801 (3)Å; Alcock, et al., 1985]. The bonds between P1 and the C atoms of phenyl rings are Csp2—Psp3 bonds, but the connection between P1 and isopropyl group is typically an Csp3—Psp3 bond (Allen, et al., 1987). The bond length of C19—P1 [1.818 (3) Å] associated with the isopropyl group is longer than that involving the phenyl groups, which vary from 1.789 (4) - 1.806 (4) Å.In the crystal the water molecules are linked to the Br anion by short O—H···Br contacts, and the two half occupied water molecules are connected to one another by strong O-H···O hydrogen bonds (Table 1 and Fig. 2). The large cations and bromide anions are linked by short C19—H19···Br1 contacts (Table 1 and Fig. 2). These weak interactions also that play an important role in the stabilization of the crystal structure.
For information on phase-transfer catalysts, see: Asai et al. (1994). For the
of tetraphenylphosphoniuum bromide, see: Alcock et al. (1985). For standard bond lengths, see: Allen et al. (1987).Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2005); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2005); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008); molecular graphics: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).C21H22P+·Br−·H2O | F(000) = 832 |
Mr = 403.28 | Dx = 1.274 Mg m−3 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71069 Å |
Hall symbol: P 2ac 2ab | Cell parameters from 3565 reflections |
a = 9.078 (5) Å | θ = 2.5–23.5° |
b = 13.043 (5) Å | µ = 2.04 mm−1 |
c = 17.755 (5) Å | T = 293 K |
V = 2102.3 (15) Å3 | ROD, colourless |
Z = 4 | 0.20 × 0.15 × 0.13 mm |
Brucker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 4250 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 3331 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.034 |
phi and ω scans | θmax = 26.4°, θmin = 1.9° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −7→11 |
Tmin = 0.668, Tmax = 0.688 | k = −16→15 |
12177 measured reflections | l = −21→21 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.140 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0853P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.03 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
4250 reflections | Δρmax = 0.82 e Å−3 |
228 parameters | Δρmin = −0.28 e Å−3 |
6 restraints | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1799 Friedel pairs |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: 0.014 (13) |
C21H22P+·Br−·H2O | V = 2102.3 (15) Å3 |
Mr = 403.28 | Z = 4 |
Orthorhombic, P212121 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 9.078 (5) Å | µ = 2.04 mm−1 |
b = 13.043 (5) Å | T = 293 K |
c = 17.755 (5) Å | 0.20 × 0.15 × 0.13 mm |
Brucker APEXII CCD area-detector diffractometer | 4250 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 3331 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.668, Tmax = 0.688 | Rint = 0.034 |
12177 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.049 | H-atom parameters constrained |
wR(F2) = 0.140 | Δρmax = 0.82 e Å−3 |
S = 1.03 | Δρmin = −0.28 e Å−3 |
4250 reflections | Absolute structure: Flack (1983), 1799 Friedel pairs |
228 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: 0.014 (13) |
6 restraints |
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Br1 | 0.46181 (8) | 0.58731 (5) | 0.00805 (3) | 0.0720 (2) | |
C1 | 0.2804 (4) | 0.5002 (3) | 0.7564 (2) | 0.0320 (8) | |
C2 | 0.2503 (5) | 0.4645 (3) | 0.8289 (3) | 0.0468 (11) | |
H2 | 0.2722 | 0.5050 | 0.8705 | 0.056* | |
C3 | 0.1873 (6) | 0.3679 (4) | 0.8386 (3) | 0.0570 (13) | |
H3 | 0.1690 | 0.3433 | 0.8868 | 0.068* | |
C4 | 0.1527 (5) | 0.3098 (3) | 0.7778 (3) | 0.0502 (13) | |
H4 | 0.1075 | 0.2466 | 0.7850 | 0.060* | |
C5 | 0.1833 (5) | 0.3426 (3) | 0.7054 (3) | 0.0463 (12) | |
H5 | 0.1607 | 0.3011 | 0.6644 | 0.056* | |
C6 | 0.2478 (4) | 0.4378 (3) | 0.6943 (2) | 0.0371 (9) | |
H6 | 0.2694 | 0.4602 | 0.6458 | 0.045* | |
C7 | 0.3207 (5) | 0.6876 (3) | 0.6626 (2) | 0.0340 (9) | |
C8 | 0.4105 (6) | 0.7668 (3) | 0.6355 (3) | 0.0493 (12) | |
H8 | 0.5032 | 0.7770 | 0.6564 | 0.059* | |
C9 | 0.3631 (8) | 0.8296 (4) | 0.5783 (3) | 0.0737 (18) | |
H9 | 0.4228 | 0.8822 | 0.5604 | 0.088* | |
C10 | 0.2238 (10) | 0.8130 (5) | 0.5476 (3) | 0.082 (2) | |
H10 | 0.1893 | 0.8561 | 0.5098 | 0.098* | |
C11 | 0.1386 (7) | 0.7354 (6) | 0.5719 (3) | 0.0754 (18) | |
H11 | 0.0478 | 0.7239 | 0.5491 | 0.090* | |
C12 | 0.1835 (5) | 0.6726 (4) | 0.6299 (3) | 0.0498 (12) | |
H12 | 0.1223 | 0.6205 | 0.6471 | 0.060* | |
C13 | 0.5706 (4) | 0.5878 (3) | 0.7380 (2) | 0.0312 (8) | |
C14 | 0.6312 (5) | 0.5673 (3) | 0.6682 (3) | 0.0430 (10) | |
H14 | 0.5765 | 0.5766 | 0.6245 | 0.052* | |
C15 | 0.7767 (5) | 0.5321 (3) | 0.6648 (3) | 0.0538 (14) | |
H15 | 0.8199 | 0.5187 | 0.6183 | 0.065* | |
C16 | 0.8552 (5) | 0.5173 (3) | 0.7293 (4) | 0.0567 (14) | |
H16 | 0.9514 | 0.4930 | 0.7264 | 0.068* | |
C17 | 0.7943 (5) | 0.5379 (4) | 0.7989 (3) | 0.0569 (14) | |
H17 | 0.8493 | 0.5277 | 0.8425 | 0.068* | |
C18 | 0.6508 (4) | 0.5737 (3) | 0.8037 (3) | 0.0446 (11) | |
H18 | 0.6089 | 0.5880 | 0.8503 | 0.054* | |
C19 | 0.3403 (5) | 0.7009 (3) | 0.8260 (2) | 0.0352 (9) | |
H19 | 0.3655 | 0.6618 | 0.8713 | 0.042* | |
C20 | 0.4348 (6) | 0.7974 (3) | 0.8257 (3) | 0.0538 (13) | |
H20A | 0.4054 | 0.8408 | 0.7847 | 0.081* | |
H20B | 0.5365 | 0.7789 | 0.8198 | 0.081* | |
H20C | 0.4220 | 0.8334 | 0.8724 | 0.081* | |
C21 | 0.1779 (5) | 0.7266 (4) | 0.8303 (3) | 0.0530 (12) | |
H21A | 0.1593 | 0.7669 | 0.8745 | 0.079* | |
H21B | 0.1216 | 0.6644 | 0.8327 | 0.079* | |
H21C | 0.1498 | 0.7648 | 0.7864 | 0.079* | |
O1 | 0.4288 (9) | 0.4940 (6) | 0.5103 (4) | 0.0650 (19) | 0.50 |
H1O1 | 0.3405 | 0.4745 | 0.5027 | 0.097* | 0.50 |
H2O1 | 0.4722 | 0.4469 | 0.4855 | 0.097* | 0.50 |
O2 | 0.6608 (8) | 0.3426 (5) | 0.4736 (4) | 0.0566 (18) | 0.50 |
H1O2 | 0.6370 | 0.2797 | 0.4777 | 0.085* | 0.50 |
H2O2 | 0.7522 | 0.3365 | 0.4835 | 0.085* | 0.50 |
P1 | 0.37744 (10) | 0.61951 (7) | 0.74506 (6) | 0.0269 (2) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Br1 | 0.0904 (5) | 0.0823 (4) | 0.0433 (3) | 0.0170 (3) | −0.0098 (3) | 0.0009 (3) |
C1 | 0.0245 (18) | 0.0290 (17) | 0.042 (2) | 0.0013 (15) | 0.0014 (18) | 0.0014 (17) |
C2 | 0.054 (3) | 0.039 (2) | 0.047 (3) | −0.008 (2) | 0.000 (2) | 0.005 (2) |
C3 | 0.062 (3) | 0.048 (3) | 0.061 (3) | −0.016 (3) | 0.000 (3) | 0.019 (2) |
C4 | 0.035 (3) | 0.032 (2) | 0.084 (4) | −0.0057 (18) | −0.004 (2) | 0.004 (2) |
C5 | 0.035 (2) | 0.035 (2) | 0.068 (3) | −0.001 (2) | −0.006 (2) | −0.018 (2) |
C6 | 0.033 (2) | 0.037 (2) | 0.041 (2) | 0.0025 (18) | 0.0034 (18) | −0.0061 (18) |
C7 | 0.033 (2) | 0.032 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.0060 (17) | 0.0020 (18) | 0.0009 (17) |
C8 | 0.059 (3) | 0.040 (2) | 0.049 (3) | 0.000 (2) | 0.006 (2) | 0.006 (2) |
C9 | 0.111 (5) | 0.050 (3) | 0.061 (4) | 0.020 (3) | 0.026 (4) | 0.021 (3) |
C10 | 0.125 (6) | 0.077 (4) | 0.042 (3) | 0.043 (4) | −0.001 (4) | 0.021 (3) |
C11 | 0.071 (4) | 0.110 (5) | 0.045 (3) | 0.026 (4) | −0.017 (3) | 0.006 (3) |
C12 | 0.043 (3) | 0.064 (3) | 0.043 (3) | 0.014 (2) | −0.006 (2) | 0.005 (2) |
C13 | 0.0247 (17) | 0.0274 (17) | 0.042 (2) | 0.0007 (14) | 0.0065 (16) | −0.0011 (17) |
C14 | 0.041 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.053 (3) | 0.000 (2) | 0.009 (2) | −0.0011 (19) |
C15 | 0.041 (3) | 0.042 (3) | 0.079 (4) | 0.000 (2) | 0.028 (3) | −0.007 (3) |
C16 | 0.029 (2) | 0.038 (2) | 0.104 (5) | 0.0034 (19) | 0.016 (3) | 0.006 (3) |
C17 | 0.035 (3) | 0.053 (3) | 0.083 (4) | 0.003 (2) | −0.007 (3) | 0.016 (3) |
C18 | 0.030 (2) | 0.049 (3) | 0.055 (3) | 0.006 (2) | 0.0002 (19) | 0.004 (2) |
C19 | 0.037 (2) | 0.032 (2) | 0.036 (2) | 0.0005 (17) | 0.0023 (18) | −0.0023 (16) |
C20 | 0.053 (3) | 0.037 (2) | 0.071 (3) | −0.009 (2) | 0.008 (3) | −0.010 (2) |
C21 | 0.036 (2) | 0.061 (3) | 0.061 (3) | 0.009 (2) | 0.006 (2) | −0.012 (2) |
O1 | 0.072 (5) | 0.077 (5) | 0.045 (4) | −0.015 (4) | −0.011 (4) | 0.001 (3) |
O2 | 0.062 (4) | 0.059 (4) | 0.049 (4) | −0.009 (3) | 0.008 (3) | 0.013 (3) |
P1 | 0.0222 (4) | 0.0273 (4) | 0.0313 (5) | 0.0001 (4) | 0.0016 (4) | 0.0009 (4) |
C1—C2 | 1.395 (6) | C13—C18 | 1.387 (6) |
C1—C6 | 1.402 (6) | C13—P1 | 1.806 (4) |
C1—P1 | 1.800 (4) | C14—C15 | 1.400 (6) |
C2—C3 | 1.394 (6) | C14—H14 | 0.9300 |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | C15—C16 | 1.363 (8) |
C3—C4 | 1.355 (7) | C15—H15 | 0.9300 |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | C16—C17 | 1.381 (8) |
C4—C5 | 1.384 (7) | C16—H16 | 0.9300 |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | C17—C18 | 1.386 (6) |
C5—C6 | 1.387 (6) | C17—H17 | 0.9300 |
C5—H5 | 0.9300 | C18—H18 | 0.9300 |
C6—H6 | 0.9300 | C19—C21 | 1.514 (6) |
C7—C12 | 1.388 (6) | C19—C20 | 1.523 (6) |
C7—C8 | 1.400 (6) | C19—P1 | 1.818 (4) |
C7—P1 | 1.789 (4) | C19—H19 | 0.9800 |
C8—C9 | 1.374 (7) | C20—H20A | 0.9600 |
C8—H8 | 0.9300 | C20—H20B | 0.9600 |
C9—C10 | 1.394 (10) | C20—H20C | 0.9600 |
C9—H9 | 0.9300 | C21—H21A | 0.9600 |
C10—C11 | 1.345 (10) | C21—H21B | 0.9600 |
C10—H10 | 0.9300 | C21—H21C | 0.9600 |
C11—C12 | 1.377 (7) | O1—H1O1 | 0.8522 |
C11—H11 | 0.9300 | O1—H2O1 | 0.8527 |
C12—H12 | 0.9300 | O2—H1O2 | 0.8515 |
C13—C14 | 1.382 (6) | O2—H2O2 | 0.8512 |
C2—C1—C6 | 119.4 (4) | C13—C14—H14 | 120.7 |
C2—C1—P1 | 119.2 (3) | C15—C14—H14 | 120.7 |
C6—C1—P1 | 121.1 (3) | C16—C15—C14 | 120.2 (5) |
C3—C2—C1 | 119.7 (5) | C16—C15—H15 | 119.9 |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.2 | C14—C15—H15 | 119.9 |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.2 | C15—C16—C17 | 121.1 (4) |
C4—C3—C2 | 120.2 (5) | C15—C16—H16 | 119.5 |
C4—C3—H3 | 119.9 | C17—C16—H16 | 119.5 |
C2—C3—H3 | 119.9 | C16—C17—C18 | 119.7 (5) |
C3—C4—C5 | 121.4 (4) | C16—C17—H17 | 120.1 |
C3—C4—H4 | 119.3 | C18—C17—H17 | 120.1 |
C5—C4—H4 | 119.3 | C17—C18—C13 | 119.2 (5) |
C4—C5—C6 | 119.5 (4) | C17—C18—H18 | 120.4 |
C4—C5—H5 | 120.2 | C13—C18—H18 | 120.4 |
C6—C5—H5 | 120.2 | C21—C19—C20 | 111.4 (4) |
C5—C6—C1 | 119.8 (4) | C21—C19—P1 | 110.5 (3) |
C5—C6—H6 | 120.1 | C20—C19—P1 | 112.1 (3) |
C1—C6—H6 | 120.1 | C21—C19—H19 | 107.6 |
C12—C7—C8 | 118.9 (4) | C20—C19—H19 | 107.6 |
C12—C7—P1 | 122.0 (3) | P1—C19—H19 | 107.6 |
C8—C7—P1 | 118.7 (3) | C19—C20—H20A | 109.5 |
C9—C8—C7 | 120.8 (5) | C19—C20—H20B | 109.5 |
C9—C8—H8 | 119.6 | H20A—C20—H20B | 109.5 |
C7—C8—H8 | 119.6 | C19—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
C8—C9—C10 | 118.7 (6) | H20A—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
C8—C9—H9 | 120.7 | H20B—C20—H20C | 109.5 |
C10—C9—H9 | 120.7 | C19—C21—H21A | 109.5 |
C11—C10—C9 | 120.9 (5) | C19—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C11—C10—H10 | 119.6 | H21A—C21—H21B | 109.5 |
C9—C10—H10 | 119.6 | C19—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C10—C11—C12 | 121.1 (6) | H21A—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C10—C11—H11 | 119.4 | H21B—C21—H21C | 109.5 |
C12—C11—H11 | 119.4 | H1O1—O1—H2O1 | 98.0 |
C11—C12—C7 | 119.6 (5) | H1O2—O2—H2O2 | 98.0 |
C11—C12—H12 | 120.2 | C7—P1—C1 | 112.38 (19) |
C7—C12—H12 | 120.2 | C7—P1—C13 | 109.67 (19) |
C14—C13—C18 | 121.2 (4) | C1—P1—C13 | 106.56 (17) |
C14—C13—P1 | 119.5 (3) | C7—P1—C19 | 107.68 (18) |
C18—C13—P1 | 118.8 (3) | C1—P1—C19 | 108.99 (19) |
C13—C14—C15 | 118.6 (5) | C13—P1—C19 | 111.62 (19) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1O1···Br1i | 0.85 | 2.86 | 3.701 (8) | 169 |
O1—H2O1···O2 | 0.85 | 2.20 | 2.960 (11) | 149 |
O2—H1O2···Br1ii | 0.85 | 2.68 | 3.526 (7) | 175 |
O2—H2O2···Br1iii | 0.85 | 2.81 | 3.598 (8) | 154 |
C19—H19···Br1iv | 0.98 | 2.76 | 3.723 (4) | 169 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (ii) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) −x+3/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (iv) x, y, z+1. |
Experimental details
Crystal data | |
Chemical formula | C21H22P+·Br−·H2O |
Mr | 403.28 |
Crystal system, space group | Orthorhombic, P212121 |
Temperature (K) | 293 |
a, b, c (Å) | 9.078 (5), 13.043 (5), 17.755 (5) |
V (Å3) | 2102.3 (15) |
Z | 4 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.04 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.20 × 0.15 × 0.13 |
Data collection | |
Diffractometer | Brucker APEXII CCD area-detector |
Absorption correction | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.668, 0.688 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 12177, 4250, 3331 |
Rint | 0.034 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.625 |
Refinement | |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.049, 0.140, 1.03 |
No. of reflections | 4250 |
No. of parameters | 228 |
No. of restraints | 6 |
H-atom treatment | H-atom parameters constrained |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.82, −0.28 |
Absolute structure | Flack (1983), 1799 Friedel pairs |
Absolute structure parameter | 0.014 (13) |
Computer programs: APEX2 (Bruker, 2005), SAINT (Bruker, 2005), SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 2008), SHELXTL (Sheldrick, 2008).
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
O1—H1O1···Br1i | 0.85 | 2.86 | 3.701 (8) | 168.91 |
O1—H2O1···O2 | 0.85 | 2.20 | 2.960 (11) | 148.89 |
O2—H1O2···Br1ii | 0.85 | 2.68 | 3.526 (7) | 175.08 |
O2—H2O2···Br1iii | 0.85 | 2.81 | 3.598 (8) | 153.85 |
C19—H19···Br1iv | 0.98 | 2.76 | 3.723 (4) | 168.69 |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (ii) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1/2; (iii) −x+3/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (iv) x, y, z+1. |
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Shandong College research program (J11LB15) and the Young and Middle-aged Scientist Research Awards Foundation of Shandong Province (BS2010CL045).
References
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The title compound belongs to a family of phase transfer catalysts, which usually contain large alkyl or aryl ions, such as R4N+,R4P+,R4B- etc. Because of their ease of dissolution in water, such salts have a conveninient to satisfactory hydrophobic hydration(Asai, et al., 1994).
The asymmetry unit of the title structure consists of one isopropyltriphenylphosphonium cation, one bromide anion and two half occupied water molecules (Fig. 1). In contrast with tetraphenylphosphonium salts, the major character of the cation of the title compound is that one phenyl group has been substituted by an isopropyl group. The fluctuation of the Cphenyl—P1 bond lengths in the title compound [from 1.789 (4)–1.806 (4) Å] is similar to that in the crystal structure of tetraphenylphosphonium bromide [1.801 (3)Å; Alcock, et al., 1985]. The bonds between P1 and the C atoms of phenyl rings are Csp2—Psp3 bonds, but the connection between P1 and isopropyl group is typically an Csp3—Psp3 bond (Allen, et al., 1987). The bond length of C19—P1 [1.818 (3) Å] associated with the isopropyl group is longer than that involving the phenyl groups, which vary from 1.789 (4) - 1.806 (4) Å.
In the crystal the water molecules are linked to the Br anion by short O—H···Br contacts, and the two half occupied water molecules are connected to one another by strong O-H···O hydrogen bonds (Table 1 and Fig. 2). The large cations and bromide anions are linked by short C19—H19···Br1 contacts (Table 1 and Fig. 2). These weak interactions also that play an important role in the stabilization of the crystal structure.