organic compounds
N-[3-(dimethylazaniumyl)propyl]-N′,N′,N′′,N′′-tetramethyl-N-(N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylformamidiniumyl)guanidinium dibromide hydroxide monohydrate
ofaFakultät Chemie/Organische Chemie, Hochschule Aalen, Beethovenstrasse 1, D-73430 Aalen, Germany
*Correspondence e-mail: willi.kantlehner@hs-aalen.de
The 15H37N63+·2Br−·OH−·H2O, contains one cation, three partial-occupancy bromide ions, one hydroxide ion and one water molecule. of the site-occupancy factors of the three disordered bromide ions converges with occupancies 0.701 (2), 0.831 (2) and 0.456 (2) summing to approximately two bromide ions per formula unit. The structure was refined as a two-component with volume fractions 0.109 (8):0.891 (8) for the two domains. The central C3N unit of the bisamidinium ion is linked to the aliphatic propyl chain by a C—N single bond. The other two bonds in this unit have double-bond character as have the four C—N bonds to the outer NMe2 groups. In contrast, the three C—N bonds to the central N atom of the (dimethylazaniumyl)propyl group have single-bond character. Delocalization of the two positive charges occurs in the N/C/N and C/N/C planes, while the third positive charge is localized on the dimethylammonium group. The is stabilized by O—H⋯O, N—H⋯Br, O—H⋯Br and C—H⋯Br hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.
of the title hydrated salt, CKeywords: crystal structure; bisamidinium salt; bromide; hydroxide; hydrate; hydrogen bonds.
CCDC reference: 1443022
1. Related literature
For the N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylchloroformamidinium chloride, see: Tiritiris & Kantlehner (2008); for ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide dihydrate, see: Betz & Gerber (2011); for N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N-(N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-formamidiniumyl)-N′,N′,N′′,N′′-tetramethylguanidinium bis(tetraphenylborate), see: Tiritiris & Kantlehner (2015). For the synthesis of N′′-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylguanidine, see: Tiritiris & Kantlehner (2012).
of2. Experimental
2.1. Crystal data
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2.3. Refinement
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Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT; program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2005); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2014.
Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1443022
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989015024305/sj5490sup1.cif
contains datablocks I, global. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989015024305/sj5490Isup2.hkl
The title compound was prepared by treating an aqueous solution of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N-(N,N,N', N'-tetramethyl-formamidinio)-N',N',N'',N''- tetramethylguanidinium dichloride with hydrobromic acid (48 wt.% in H2O). After slow evaporation of the water at ambient temperature, colorless single crystals of the title compound emerged.
The O-bound and N-bound H atoms were located in a difference Fourier map and were refined freely [O—H = 0.75 (5) - 0.86 (5) Å; N—H = 0.86 (4) Å]. The title compound crystallizes in the non-centrosymmetric
P21; the crystal was refined as a 2-component using the matrix [-1 0 0 0 -1 0 0 0 -1] with a of 0.109 (8):0.891 (8) for the two domains. The positions of the bromide ions were not fully occupied and their site occupancy factors were refined and converged to Br1 = 0.701 (2), Br2 = 0.831 (2), Br3 = 0.456 (2). The hydrogen atoms of the methyl groups were allowed to rotate with a fixed angle around the C–N bond to best fit the experimental electron density, with Uiso(H) set to 1.5Ueq(C) and d(C—H) = 0.98 Å. The remaining H atoms were placed in calculated positions with d(C—H) = 0.99 Å (H atoms in CH2 groups) and were refined using a riding model, with Uiso(H) set to 1.2 Ueq(C).N''-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]- N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidine (Tiritiris & Kantlehner, 2012) reacts with one equivalent of N,N,N',N'- tetramethylchloroformamidinium chloride (Tiritiris & Kantlehner, 2008), yielding N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]- N-(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-formamidinio)- N',N',N'',N''-tetramethylguanidinium dichloride as the product. As expected, on protonation with acid, the terminal 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group can be converted into a 3-(dimethylammonio)propyl group and a triply charged cationic species is formed. The
presented here is the first structural study of a tricationic nonasubstituted bisamidinium salt. The contains one cation, three partial occupancy bromide ions, one hydroxide ion and one water molecule (Fig. 1). The sites of the disordered bromine atoms are not fully occupied, the of their site occupation factors converges to Br = [Br1 + Br2 + Br3] = [0.701 (2) + 0.831 (2) + 0.456 (2) = 1.988 (2)] resulting in approximately two bromide ions per formula unit. Prominent bond parameters in the bisamidinium ion are: N5–C6 = 1.390 (3) Å, N5–C1 = 1.399 (4) Å, N5–C11 = 1.494 (4) Å, indicating the N–C single- and double-bond character of the central C3N unit. The C–N–C angles are 119.6 (3)°, 119.8 (2)° and 120.4 (2)°, signalling a nearly ideal trigonal-planar arangement about the central N5 nitrogen atom by the C1, C6 and C11 carbon atoms. These carbon atoms are further bound to the N1, N2, N3 and N4 nitrogen atoms and the resulting C–N bonds show double-bond character with bond lengths in the range 1.326 (4) Å to 1.335 (4) Å. The N–C–N angles range from 118.7 (3)° to 122.5 (3)°, again indicating almost ideal trigonal-planar surroundings of both carbon centres by the nitrogen atoms. The dihedral angle between the N1/C1/N2 and N3/C6/N4 planes is 70.1 (3)°. Structural data for the cation agree very well with those from the analysis of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]- N-(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-formamidinio)- N',N',N'',N''-tetramethylguanidinium bis(tetraphenylborate) (Tiritiris & Kantlehner, 2015). Two of the positive charges are delocalized in the N1/C1/N2, N3/C6/N4 and C1/N5/C6, planes the third positive charge is localized on the dimethylammonium group. The N–C bond lengths in the terminal ammonium group are in a range from 1.492 (4) to 1.494 (4) Å. A strong N–H···Br hydrogen bond forms between the hydrogen atom H6 of the ammonium group and one of the bromide ions (Br3) [d(H···Br) = 2.18 (4) Å, (Tab.1)]. O–H···O hydrogen bonds [d(H···O) = 1.96 (4) Å, (Table 1)] between the water molecule and the hydroxide ion and O–H···Br hydrogen bonds between the water molecule and the bromide ion [d(H···Br) = 2.48 (4) Å, (Table 1)] are also observed (Fig. 2). In addition, C–H···Br interactions are apparent between the bisamidimium hydrogen atoms of –N(CH3)2 and –CH2 groups and the bromide ions [d(H···Br) = 2.67 - 2.87 Å, (Tab.1)], forming a three-dimensional network (Fig. 3). Similar H···Br distances have been observed in the of ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide dihydrate (Betz & Gerber, 2011) for both the O–H···Br and C–H···Br hydrogen bonds.For the
of N,N,N',N'-tetramethylchloroformamidinium chloride, see: Tiritiris & Kantlehner (2008); for ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide dihydrate, see: Betz & Gerber (2011); for N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N-(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-formamidiniumyl)-N',N',N'',N''-tetramethylguanidinium bis(tetraphenylborate), see: Tiritiris & Kantlehner (2015). For the synthesis of N''-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidine, see: Tiritiris & Kantlehner (2012).Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2008); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2008); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2008); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 2008); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015); molecular graphics: DIAMOND (Brandenburg & Putz, 2005); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015).Fig. 1. The structure of the title compound with displacement ellipsoids at the 50% probability level. All carbon-bonded hydrogen atoms are omitted for the sake of clarity. | |
Fig. 2. N—H···Br, O—H···Br and O—H···O hydrogen bonds (black dashed lines) in the crystal structure of the title compound (ac view). | |
Fig. 3. Molecular packing of the title compound (bc view). The N—H···Br, O—H···Br, O—H···O and C—H···Br hydrogen bonds are depicted by black dashed lines. |
C15H37N63+·1.988Br−·OH−·H2O | F(000) = 515.2 |
Mr = 495.37 | Dx = 1.382 Mg m−3 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 9.1584 (6) Å | Cell parameters from 25793 reflections |
b = 12.2932 (7) Å | θ = 1.9–30.5° |
c = 10.6633 (6) Å | µ = 3.40 mm−1 |
β = 97.454 (3)° | T = 100 K |
V = 1190.39 (12) Å3 | Prism, colorless |
Z = 2 | 0.41 × 0.29 × 0.25 mm |
Bruker Kappa APEXII DUO diffractometer | 7244 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 6391 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Triumph monochromator | Rint = 0.033 |
φ scans, and ω scans | θmax = 30.5°, θmin = 1.9° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (Blessing, 1995) | h = −13→12 |
Tmin = 0.334, Tmax = 0.481 | k = −17→17 |
25793 measured reflections | l = −15→15 |
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.031 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.069 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0344P)2] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 0.99 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
7244 reflections | Δρmax = 0.37 e Å−3 |
265 parameters | Δρmin = −0.23 e Å−3 |
1 restraint | Absolute structure: refined as an inversion twin |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Absolute structure parameter: 0.109 (8) |
C15H37N63+·1.988Br−·OH−·H2O | V = 1190.39 (12) Å3 |
Mr = 495.37 | Z = 2 |
Monoclinic, P21 | Mo Kα radiation |
a = 9.1584 (6) Å | µ = 3.40 mm−1 |
b = 12.2932 (7) Å | T = 100 K |
c = 10.6633 (6) Å | 0.41 × 0.29 × 0.25 mm |
β = 97.454 (3)° |
Bruker Kappa APEXII DUO diffractometer | 7244 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (Blessing, 1995) | 6391 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.334, Tmax = 0.481 | Rint = 0.033 |
25793 measured reflections |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.031 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.069 | Δρmax = 0.37 e Å−3 |
S = 0.99 | Δρmin = −0.23 e Å−3 |
7244 reflections | Absolute structure: refined as an inversion twin |
265 parameters | Absolute structure parameter: 0.109 (8) |
1 restraint |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > 2sigma(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. The crystal was refined as a 2-component inversion twin. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | Occ. (<1) | |
Br1 | 0.93762 (4) | 0.22807 (3) | 0.49250 (4) | 0.01601 (14) | 0.701 (2) |
Br2 | 0.53705 (4) | 0.94972 (3) | 0.87115 (3) | 0.01916 (12) | 0.831 (2) |
Br3 | 0.05637 (7) | 0.84749 (5) | 0.00432 (6) | 0.0171 (2) | 0.456 (2) |
O1 | 0.7750 (3) | 0.7662 (2) | 0.8224 (3) | 0.0300 (6) | |
H16 | 0.720 (5) | 0.809 (4) | 0.831 (4) | 0.033 (13)* | |
C1 | 0.3100 (3) | 0.4939 (2) | 0.7726 (2) | 0.0129 (6) | |
N1 | 0.4205 (3) | 0.5645 (2) | 0.7784 (2) | 0.0150 (5) | |
N2 | 0.1715 (3) | 0.5246 (2) | 0.7743 (2) | 0.0158 (5) | |
C2 | 0.5739 (3) | 0.5375 (3) | 0.8281 (3) | 0.0196 (6) | |
H2A | 0.5747 | 0.4800 | 0.8919 | 0.029* | |
H2B | 0.6231 | 0.6023 | 0.8668 | 0.029* | |
H2C | 0.6258 | 0.5122 | 0.7588 | 0.029* | |
C3 | 0.4007 (4) | 0.6751 (2) | 0.7265 (3) | 0.0205 (6) | |
H3A | 0.3067 | 0.6796 | 0.6712 | 0.031* | |
H3B | 0.4814 | 0.6922 | 0.6777 | 0.031* | |
H3C | 0.4009 | 0.7274 | 0.7959 | 0.031* | |
C4 | 0.1345 (4) | 0.6237 (3) | 0.8414 (3) | 0.0234 (7) | |
H4A | 0.2218 | 0.6491 | 0.8965 | 0.035* | |
H4B | 0.0558 | 0.6074 | 0.8926 | 0.035* | |
H4C | 0.1013 | 0.6804 | 0.7797 | 0.035* | |
C5 | 0.0433 (3) | 0.4656 (3) | 0.7104 (3) | 0.0182 (6) | |
H5A | 0.0770 | 0.4034 | 0.6643 | 0.027* | |
H5B | −0.0150 | 0.5144 | 0.6508 | 0.027* | |
H5C | −0.0175 | 0.4396 | 0.7734 | 0.027* | |
C6 | 0.4445 (3) | 0.3476 (2) | 0.6899 (3) | 0.0118 (5) | |
N3 | 0.5375 (3) | 0.26813 (19) | 0.7292 (2) | 0.0141 (5) | |
N4 | 0.4440 (3) | 0.3922 (2) | 0.5757 (2) | 0.0146 (5) | |
C7 | 0.5991 (3) | 0.2503 (3) | 0.8627 (3) | 0.0182 (6) | |
H7A | 0.5651 | 0.3081 | 0.9152 | 0.027* | |
H7B | 0.7069 | 0.2514 | 0.8704 | 0.027* | |
H7C | 0.5661 | 0.1796 | 0.8909 | 0.027* | |
C8 | 0.5846 (4) | 0.1889 (2) | 0.6400 (3) | 0.0194 (6) | |
H8A | 0.5175 | 0.1916 | 0.5606 | 0.029* | |
H8B | 0.5832 | 0.1157 | 0.6763 | 0.029* | |
H8C | 0.6848 | 0.2064 | 0.6234 | 0.029* | |
C9 | 0.3103 (3) | 0.4361 (3) | 0.5014 (3) | 0.0187 (6) | |
H9A | 0.2244 | 0.3945 | 0.5200 | 0.028* | |
H9B | 0.3193 | 0.4304 | 0.4110 | 0.028* | |
H9C | 0.2983 | 0.5126 | 0.5236 | 0.028* | |
C10 | 0.5804 (3) | 0.4063 (3) | 0.5171 (3) | 0.0203 (6) | |
H10A | 0.6647 | 0.3800 | 0.5752 | 0.031* | |
H10B | 0.5941 | 0.4835 | 0.4990 | 0.031* | |
H10C | 0.5729 | 0.3646 | 0.4381 | 0.031* | |
N5 | 0.3413 (3) | 0.38281 (19) | 0.7657 (2) | 0.0113 (5) | |
C11 | 0.2721 (3) | 0.3039 (2) | 0.8469 (3) | 0.0126 (5) | |
H11A | 0.1924 | 0.3411 | 0.8846 | 0.015* | |
H11B | 0.3469 | 0.2800 | 0.9169 | 0.015* | |
C12 | 0.2085 (3) | 0.2040 (2) | 0.7739 (3) | 0.0149 (6) | |
H12A | 0.1152 | 0.2233 | 0.7209 | 0.018* | |
H12B | 0.2786 | 0.1771 | 0.7178 | 0.018* | |
C13 | 0.1805 (3) | 0.1162 (2) | 0.8688 (3) | 0.0141 (6) | |
H13A | 0.2761 | 0.0846 | 0.9054 | 0.017* | |
H13B | 0.1352 | 0.1501 | 0.9385 | 0.017* | |
N6 | 0.0827 (3) | 0.0267 (2) | 0.8125 (2) | 0.0159 (5) | |
H6 | 0.084 (4) | −0.022 (3) | 0.870 (4) | 0.032 (11)* | |
C14 | −0.0748 (3) | 0.0601 (3) | 0.7838 (3) | 0.0254 (7) | |
H14A | −0.1061 | 0.0957 | 0.8581 | 0.038* | |
H14B | −0.1359 | −0.0043 | 0.7621 | 0.038* | |
H14C | −0.0857 | 0.1109 | 0.7123 | 0.038* | |
C15 | 0.1372 (4) | −0.0259 (3) | 0.7013 (3) | 0.0246 (7) | |
H15A | 0.1264 | 0.0247 | 0.6297 | 0.037* | |
H15B | 0.0797 | −0.0918 | 0.6783 | 0.037* | |
H15C | 0.2412 | −0.0452 | 0.7229 | 0.037* | |
O2 | 0.2652 (3) | 0.1697 (2) | 0.4200 (3) | 0.0299 (6) | |
H17 | 0.185 (6) | 0.177 (4) | 0.442 (4) | 0.045 (14)* | |
H18 | 0.252 (5) | 0.200 (4) | 0.346 (5) | 0.049 (14)* |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Br1 | 0.0157 (2) | 0.0191 (2) | 0.0127 (2) | −0.00070 (16) | −0.00014 (14) | 0.00164 (16) |
Br2 | 0.01885 (18) | 0.01493 (17) | 0.02373 (19) | 0.00227 (15) | 0.00287 (13) | 0.00258 (15) |
Br3 | 0.0172 (4) | 0.0156 (4) | 0.0191 (4) | 0.0025 (2) | 0.0050 (3) | 0.0041 (2) |
O1 | 0.0258 (13) | 0.0279 (14) | 0.0368 (15) | −0.0011 (11) | 0.0059 (11) | −0.0102 (11) |
C1 | 0.0176 (14) | 0.0119 (13) | 0.0090 (12) | 0.0003 (11) | 0.0016 (10) | −0.0012 (10) |
N1 | 0.0173 (12) | 0.0124 (12) | 0.0149 (12) | −0.0028 (10) | 0.0005 (9) | 0.0002 (10) |
N2 | 0.0184 (13) | 0.0124 (12) | 0.0173 (12) | 0.0015 (10) | 0.0043 (10) | 0.0000 (10) |
C2 | 0.0197 (15) | 0.0169 (15) | 0.0203 (15) | −0.0047 (12) | −0.0048 (12) | 0.0008 (12) |
C3 | 0.0268 (17) | 0.0121 (14) | 0.0220 (15) | −0.0028 (12) | 0.0005 (13) | 0.0022 (12) |
C4 | 0.0311 (18) | 0.0163 (15) | 0.0245 (16) | 0.0071 (14) | 0.0105 (14) | −0.0020 (13) |
C5 | 0.0131 (13) | 0.0179 (17) | 0.0234 (15) | 0.0016 (11) | 0.0017 (11) | 0.0031 (12) |
C6 | 0.0112 (12) | 0.0109 (13) | 0.0132 (13) | −0.0017 (10) | 0.0013 (10) | −0.0036 (10) |
N3 | 0.0135 (12) | 0.0125 (12) | 0.0161 (12) | 0.0005 (9) | 0.0015 (9) | −0.0014 (9) |
N4 | 0.0159 (12) | 0.0147 (12) | 0.0133 (11) | 0.0010 (10) | 0.0029 (9) | 0.0010 (10) |
C7 | 0.0149 (14) | 0.0190 (16) | 0.0188 (14) | 0.0017 (11) | −0.0044 (11) | 0.0018 (12) |
C8 | 0.0216 (16) | 0.0151 (14) | 0.0222 (15) | 0.0066 (12) | 0.0057 (12) | 0.0000 (12) |
C9 | 0.0231 (15) | 0.0188 (16) | 0.0137 (13) | 0.0035 (13) | 0.0000 (11) | 0.0026 (12) |
C10 | 0.0224 (16) | 0.0199 (15) | 0.0210 (15) | −0.0015 (12) | 0.0112 (13) | −0.0003 (12) |
N5 | 0.0123 (11) | 0.0099 (11) | 0.0118 (11) | −0.0025 (9) | 0.0018 (9) | −0.0016 (9) |
C11 | 0.0149 (13) | 0.0109 (13) | 0.0124 (12) | −0.0010 (10) | 0.0032 (10) | 0.0016 (10) |
C12 | 0.0169 (14) | 0.0139 (14) | 0.0137 (13) | −0.0055 (11) | 0.0016 (11) | 0.0007 (10) |
C13 | 0.0163 (14) | 0.0116 (13) | 0.0138 (13) | −0.0018 (11) | −0.0007 (11) | 0.0010 (11) |
N6 | 0.0167 (12) | 0.0121 (12) | 0.0182 (12) | −0.0019 (10) | −0.0010 (10) | 0.0032 (10) |
C14 | 0.0135 (14) | 0.0285 (18) | 0.0328 (19) | −0.0045 (13) | −0.0023 (13) | 0.0104 (15) |
C15 | 0.0351 (19) | 0.0179 (18) | 0.0201 (15) | −0.0014 (13) | 0.0008 (14) | −0.0047 (12) |
O2 | 0.0250 (14) | 0.0323 (14) | 0.0315 (14) | 0.0052 (11) | −0.0001 (11) | 0.0046 (12) |
O1—H16 | 0.75 (5) | C8—H8A | 0.9800 |
C1—N2 | 1.326 (4) | C8—H8B | 0.9800 |
C1—N1 | 1.329 (4) | C8—H8C | 0.9800 |
C1—N5 | 1.399 (4) | C9—H9A | 0.9800 |
N1—C3 | 1.471 (4) | C9—H9B | 0.9800 |
N1—C2 | 1.474 (4) | C9—H9C | 0.9800 |
N2—C5 | 1.470 (4) | C10—H10A | 0.9800 |
N2—C4 | 1.474 (4) | C10—H10B | 0.9800 |
C2—H2A | 0.9800 | C10—H10C | 0.9800 |
C2—H2B | 0.9800 | N5—C11 | 1.494 (4) |
C2—H2C | 0.9800 | C11—C12 | 1.528 (4) |
C3—H3A | 0.9800 | C11—H11A | 0.9900 |
C3—H3B | 0.9800 | C11—H11B | 0.9900 |
C3—H3C | 0.9800 | C12—C13 | 1.523 (4) |
C4—H4A | 0.9800 | C12—H12A | 0.9900 |
C4—H4B | 0.9800 | C12—H12B | 0.9900 |
C4—H4C | 0.9800 | C13—N6 | 1.494 (4) |
C5—H5A | 0.9800 | C13—H13A | 0.9900 |
C5—H5B | 0.9800 | C13—H13B | 0.9900 |
C5—H5C | 0.9800 | N6—C15 | 1.492 (4) |
C6—N3 | 1.328 (4) | N6—C14 | 1.493 (4) |
C6—N4 | 1.335 (4) | N6—H6 | 0.86 (4) |
C6—N5 | 1.390 (3) | C14—H14A | 0.9800 |
N3—C8 | 1.465 (4) | C14—H14B | 0.9800 |
N3—C7 | 1.478 (4) | C14—H14C | 0.9800 |
N4—C9 | 1.472 (4) | C15—H15A | 0.9800 |
N4—C10 | 1.477 (4) | C15—H15B | 0.9800 |
C7—H7A | 0.9800 | C15—H15C | 0.9800 |
C7—H7B | 0.9800 | O2—H17 | 0.80 (5) |
C7—H7C | 0.9800 | O2—H18 | 0.86 (5) |
N2—C1—N1 | 122.5 (3) | H8B—C8—H8C | 109.5 |
N2—C1—N5 | 118.8 (3) | N4—C9—H9A | 109.5 |
N1—C1—N5 | 118.7 (3) | N4—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C1—N1—C3 | 122.1 (3) | H9A—C9—H9B | 109.5 |
C1—N1—C2 | 123.6 (2) | N4—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C3—N1—C2 | 114.1 (2) | H9A—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C1—N2—C5 | 124.1 (2) | H9B—C9—H9C | 109.5 |
C1—N2—C4 | 121.5 (3) | N4—C10—H10A | 109.5 |
C5—N2—C4 | 114.4 (2) | N4—C10—H10B | 109.5 |
N1—C2—H2A | 109.5 | H10A—C10—H10B | 109.5 |
N1—C2—H2B | 109.5 | N4—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
H2A—C2—H2B | 109.5 | H10A—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
N1—C2—H2C | 109.5 | H10B—C10—H10C | 109.5 |
H2A—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C6—N5—C1 | 119.6 (2) |
H2B—C2—H2C | 109.5 | C6—N5—C11 | 120.4 (2) |
N1—C3—H3A | 109.5 | C1—N5—C11 | 119.8 (2) |
N1—C3—H3B | 109.5 | N5—C11—C12 | 112.9 (2) |
H3A—C3—H3B | 109.5 | N5—C11—H11A | 109.0 |
N1—C3—H3C | 109.5 | C12—C11—H11A | 109.0 |
H3A—C3—H3C | 109.5 | N5—C11—H11B | 109.0 |
H3B—C3—H3C | 109.5 | C12—C11—H11B | 109.0 |
N2—C4—H4A | 109.5 | H11A—C11—H11B | 107.8 |
N2—C4—H4B | 109.5 | C13—C12—C11 | 108.5 (2) |
H4A—C4—H4B | 109.5 | C13—C12—H12A | 110.0 |
N2—C4—H4C | 109.5 | C11—C12—H12A | 110.0 |
H4A—C4—H4C | 109.5 | C13—C12—H12B | 110.0 |
H4B—C4—H4C | 109.5 | C11—C12—H12B | 110.0 |
N2—C5—H5A | 109.5 | H12A—C12—H12B | 108.4 |
N2—C5—H5B | 109.5 | N6—C13—C12 | 113.5 (2) |
H5A—C5—H5B | 109.5 | N6—C13—H13A | 108.9 |
N2—C5—H5C | 109.5 | C12—C13—H13A | 108.9 |
H5A—C5—H5C | 109.5 | N6—C13—H13B | 108.9 |
H5B—C5—H5C | 109.5 | C12—C13—H13B | 108.9 |
N3—C6—N4 | 121.1 (3) | H13A—C13—H13B | 107.7 |
N3—C6—N5 | 120.1 (3) | C15—N6—C14 | 111.7 (3) |
N4—C6—N5 | 118.7 (3) | C15—N6—C13 | 113.2 (2) |
C6—N3—C8 | 121.0 (2) | C14—N6—C13 | 113.1 (2) |
C6—N3—C7 | 124.2 (2) | C15—N6—H6 | 107 (3) |
C8—N3—C7 | 114.7 (2) | C14—N6—H6 | 105 (3) |
C6—N4—C9 | 123.1 (2) | C13—N6—H6 | 106 (3) |
C6—N4—C10 | 122.1 (2) | N6—C14—H14A | 109.5 |
C9—N4—C10 | 114.8 (2) | N6—C14—H14B | 109.5 |
N3—C7—H7A | 109.5 | H14A—C14—H14B | 109.5 |
N3—C7—H7B | 109.5 | N6—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
H7A—C7—H7B | 109.5 | H14A—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
N3—C7—H7C | 109.5 | H14B—C14—H14C | 109.5 |
H7A—C7—H7C | 109.5 | N6—C15—H15A | 109.5 |
H7B—C7—H7C | 109.5 | N6—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
N3—C8—H8A | 109.5 | H15A—C15—H15B | 109.5 |
N3—C8—H8B | 109.5 | N6—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
H8A—C8—H8B | 109.5 | H15A—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
N3—C8—H8C | 109.5 | H15B—C15—H15C | 109.5 |
H8A—C8—H8C | 109.5 | H17—O2—H18 | 101 (4) |
N2—C1—N1—C3 | −30.6 (4) | N5—C6—N4—C10 | 148.0 (3) |
N5—C1—N1—C3 | 150.0 (3) | N3—C6—N5—C1 | 140.6 (3) |
N2—C1—N1—C2 | 153.9 (3) | N4—C6—N5—C1 | −41.9 (4) |
N5—C1—N1—C2 | −25.5 (4) | N3—C6—N5—C11 | −34.9 (4) |
N1—C1—N2—C5 | 149.2 (3) | N4—C6—N5—C11 | 142.5 (3) |
N5—C1—N2—C5 | −31.4 (4) | N2—C1—N5—C6 | 139.8 (3) |
N1—C1—N2—C4 | −30.2 (4) | N1—C1—N5—C6 | −40.8 (4) |
N5—C1—N2—C4 | 149.2 (3) | N2—C1—N5—C11 | −44.6 (4) |
N4—C6—N3—C8 | −32.5 (4) | N1—C1—N5—C11 | 134.8 (3) |
N5—C6—N3—C8 | 144.8 (3) | C6—N5—C11—C12 | −51.0 (3) |
N4—C6—N3—C7 | 148.6 (3) | C1—N5—C11—C12 | 133.5 (3) |
N5—C6—N3—C7 | −34.0 (4) | N5—C11—C12—C13 | 164.3 (2) |
N3—C6—N4—C9 | 148.6 (3) | C11—C12—C13—N6 | 164.6 (2) |
N5—C6—N4—C9 | −28.8 (4) | C12—C13—N6—C15 | 55.4 (3) |
N3—C6—N4—C10 | −34.6 (4) | C12—C13—N6—C14 | −73.0 (3) |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N6—H6···Br3i | 0.86 (4) | 2.18 (4) | 3.038 (4) | 172 (3) |
O2—H18···O1ii | 0.86 (5) | 1.96 (4) | 2.825 (4) | 179 (3) |
O2—H17···Br1iii | 0.80 (5) | 2.48 (4) | 3.273 (4) | 171 (3) |
C2—H2A···Br2iv | 0.98 | 2.87 | 3.650 (4) | 137 |
C3—H3A···Br1v | 0.98 | 2.72 | 3.688 (4) | 170 |
C5—H5C···Br3vi | 0.98 | 2.69 | 3.594 (4) | 153 |
C7—H7B···Br3ii | 0.98 | 2.67 | 3.498 (4) | 142 |
C8—H8C···Br1 | 0.98 | 2.87 | 3.805 (4) | 160 |
C11—H11A···Br3vi | 0.99 | 2.70 | 3.618 (4) | 154 |
C12—H12A···Br1iii | 0.99 | 2.75 | 3.649 (4) | 151 |
C14—H14C···Br1iii | 0.98 | 2.78 | 3.743 (4) | 167 |
C15—H15B···Br1ii | 0.98 | 2.86 | 3.676 (4) | 142 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z+1; (ii) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1; (iii) x−1, y, z; (iv) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+2; (v) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+1; (vi) −x, y−1/2, −z+1. |
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N6—H6···Br3i | 0.86 (4) | 2.18 (4) | 3.038 (4) | 172 (3) |
O2—H18···O1ii | 0.86 (5) | 1.96 (4) | 2.825 (4) | 179 (3) |
O2—H17···Br1iii | 0.80 (5) | 2.48 (4) | 3.273 (4) | 171 (3) |
C2—H2A···Br2iv | 0.98 | 2.87 | 3.650 (4) | 137 |
C3—H3A···Br1v | 0.98 | 2.72 | 3.688 (4) | 170 |
C5—H5C···Br3vi | 0.98 | 2.69 | 3.594 (4) | 153 |
C7—H7B···Br3ii | 0.98 | 2.67 | 3.498 (4) | 142 |
C8—H8C···Br1 | 0.98 | 2.87 | 3.805 (4) | 160 |
C11—H11A···Br3vi | 0.99 | 2.70 | 3.618 (4) | 154 |
C12—H12A···Br1iii | 0.99 | 2.75 | 3.649 (4) | 151 |
C14—H14C···Br1iii | 0.98 | 2.78 | 3.743 (4) | 167 |
C15—H15B···Br1ii | 0.98 | 2.86 | 3.676 (4) | 142 |
Symmetry codes: (i) x, y−1, z+1; (ii) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+1; (iii) x−1, y, z; (iv) −x+1, y−1/2, −z+2; (v) −x+1, y+1/2, −z+1; (vi) −x, y−1/2, −z+1. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Dr W. Frey (Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart) for measuring the diffraction data.
References
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N''-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]- N,N,N',N'-tetramethylguanidine (Tiritiris & Kantlehner, 2012) reacts with one equivalent of N,N,N',N'- tetramethylchloroformamidinium chloride (Tiritiris & Kantlehner, 2008), yielding N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]- N-(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-formamidinio)- N',N',N'',N''-tetramethylguanidinium dichloride as the product. As expected, on protonation with acid, the terminal 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group can be converted into a 3-(dimethylammonio)propyl group and a triply charged cationic species is formed. The crystal structure presented here is the first structural study of a tricationic nonasubstituted bisamidinium salt. The asymmetric unit contains one cation, three partial occupancy bromide ions, one hydroxide ion and one water molecule (Fig. 1). The sites of the disordered bromine atoms are not fully occupied, the refinement of their site occupation factors converges to Br = [Br1 + Br2 + Br3] = [0.701 (2) + 0.831 (2) + 0.456 (2) = 1.988 (2)] resulting in approximately two bromide ions per formula unit. Prominent bond parameters in the bisamidinium ion are: N5–C6 = 1.390 (3) Å, N5–C1 = 1.399 (4) Å, N5–C11 = 1.494 (4) Å, indicating the N–C single- and double-bond character of the central C3N unit. The C–N–C angles are 119.6 (3)°, 119.8 (2)° and 120.4 (2)°, signalling a nearly ideal trigonal-planar arangement about the central N5 nitrogen atom by the C1, C6 and C11 carbon atoms. These carbon atoms are further bound to the N1, N2, N3 and N4 nitrogen atoms and the resulting C–N bonds show double-bond character with bond lengths in the range 1.326 (4) Å to 1.335 (4) Å. The N–C–N angles range from 118.7 (3)° to 122.5 (3)°, again indicating almost ideal trigonal-planar surroundings of both carbon centres by the nitrogen atoms. The dihedral angle between the N1/C1/N2 and N3/C6/N4 planes is 70.1 (3)°. Structural data for the cation agree very well with those from the crystal structure analysis of N-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]- N-(N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-formamidinio)- N',N',N'',N''-tetramethylguanidinium bis(tetraphenylborate) (Tiritiris & Kantlehner, 2015). Two of the positive charges are delocalized in the N1/C1/N2, N3/C6/N4 and C1/N5/C6, planes the third positive charge is localized on the dimethylammonium group. The N–C bond lengths in the terminal ammonium group are in a range from 1.492 (4) to 1.494 (4) Å. A strong N–H···Br hydrogen bond forms between the hydrogen atom H6 of the ammonium group and one of the bromide ions (Br3) [d(H···Br) = 2.18 (4) Å, (Tab.1)]. O–H···O hydrogen bonds [d(H···O) = 1.96 (4) Å, (Table 1)] between the water molecule and the hydroxide ion and O–H···Br hydrogen bonds between the water molecule and the bromide ion [d(H···Br) = 2.48 (4) Å, (Table 1)] are also observed (Fig. 2). In addition, C–H···Br interactions are apparent between the bisamidimium hydrogen atoms of –N(CH3)2 and –CH2 groups and the bromide ions [d(H···Br) = 2.67 - 2.87 Å, (Tab.1)], forming a three-dimensional network (Fig. 3). Similar H···Br distances have been observed in the crystal structure of ethyltriphenylphosphonium bromide dihydrate (Betz & Gerber, 2011) for both the O–H···Br and C–H···Br hydrogen bonds.