research communications
2Fe(PO4)3
of strontium dicobalt iron(III) tris(orthophosphate): SrCoaLaboratoire de Chimie du Solide Appliquée, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Avenue Ibn Battouta, BP 1014, Rabat, Morocco, and bDépartement de Chimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, BP 943, Franceville, Gabon
*Correspondence e-mail: adam_bouraima@yahoo.fr
The title compound, SrCo2Fe(PO4)3, has been synthesized by a solid-state reaction. It crystallizes with the α-CrPO4 type structure. In this structure, all atoms are on special positions of the Imma except for two O atoms which are located on general positions. The three-dimensional network in the is made up of two types of layers stacked normal to (100). The first layer is built from two edge-sharing CoO6 octahedra, leading to the formation of Co2O10 dimers that are connected to two PO4 tetrahedra by a common edge and corners. The second layer results from apex-sharing FeO6 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra, which form linear chains alternating with a zigzag chain of SrII cations. These layers are linked together by common vertices of PO4 tetrahedra and FeO6 octahedra to form an open three-dimensional framework that delimits two types of channels parallel to [100] and [010] where the SrII cations are located. Each SrII cation is surrounded by eight O atoms.
Keywords: crystal structure; SrCo2Fe(PO4)3; transition metal phosphate; solid-state reaction synthesis; alluaudite-like structure.
CCDC reference: 1492743
1. Chemical context
The phosphate literature includes important works on the structural study of transition metal phosphates. The basic framework is built from tetrahedrally coordinated phosphorus linked to transition metals M in various environments, such as MOn (n = 4, 5 or 6). The manner in which polyhedra are interconnected generates important structure types with porous or lamellar set-ups that can exhibit interesting physical properties. Accordingly, widespread studies have been devoted to this family of compounds, stimulated by the wide range of potential and commercial applications of these materials. Examples include applications in catalysis, as ion exchangers and in the manufacture of lithium and sodium rechargeable batteries. One particular scientific area in our laboratory is focused on investigating new functional phosphates belonging to the alluaudite (Moore, 1971) or α-CrPO4 (Attfield et al., 1988) structure types, owing to their potential use as new cathode materials for battery devices (Trad et al., 2010; Kim et al., 2014; Huang et al., 2015).
Our earlier hydrothermal investigations were undertaken with the A2O–MO–P2O5 and M′O–MO–P2O5 systems (A = monovalent cations, M and M′ = divalent cations) with approximate molar ratios A:M:P = 2:3:3 and M′:M:P = 1:3:3, which characterize the alluaudite or α-CrPO4 phases. Those studies involved the synthesis and structural characterization of new phosphates such as Na2Co2Fe(PO4)3 (Bouraima et al., 2015) and Na1.67Zn1.67Fe1.33(PO4)3 (Khmiyas et al., 2015) belonging to the alluaudite-type structure group. In addition, divalent and trivalent transition-metal-based phosphates, such as SrNi2Fe(PO4)3 (Ouaatta et al., 2015) and MMnII2MnIII(PO4)3 (M = Pb, Sr, Ba) (Alhakmi et al., 2013a,b; Assani et al., 2013) have been shown to adopt the α-CrPO4 structure type.
In search of a new promising phosphate, a solid-state chemistry investigation of A2O–MO–M′2O3–P2O5 systems was undertaken. The present work reports on synthesis and of the new strontium cobalt iron phosphate, SrCo2Fe(PO4)3, which has the α-CrPO4 type structure.
2. Structural commentary
In the title phosphate, SrCo2Fe(PO4)3, all atoms are on special positions, except two oxygen atoms (O3, O4) which are on general positions of the Imma Its three-dimensional structure is constructed on the basis of PO4 tetrahedra, FeO6 and CoO6 octahedra, as shown in Fig. 1. The connection between these polyhedra produces two types of layers stacked normal to (100). The first layer is built from two edge-sharing CoO6 octahedra, leading to the formation of Co2O10 dimers, which are connected to two PO4 tetrahedra by a common edge and vertex, as shown in Fig. 2. The second layer is formed by alternating FeO6 octahedra and PO4 tetrahedra, which share corners, building linear chains that surround a zigzag chain of SrII cations (see Fig. 3). The layers are joined by the apices of PO4 tetrahedra and FeO6 octahedra, giving rise to an open three-dimensional framework that delimits two types of channels parallel to [100] and [010] where the SrII cations are located, as shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5. This structure is characterized by a stoichiometric composition in which the Sr atom is surrounded by eight oxygen atoms with Sr—O bond lengths that vary between 2.6561 (13) and 2.6690 (9)Å. The same Sr environment is observed in the manganese homologue phosphates, namely MMnII2MnIII(PO4)3 (M = Pb, Sr, Ba).
3. Synthesis and crystallization
The title phosphate, SrCo2Fe(PO4)3, was synthesized in a solid-state reaction by mixing nitrates of strontium, cobalt and iron along with NH4H2PO4, taken in the molar proportions Sr:Co:Fe:P = 1:2:1:3. After a series of heat treatments up to 873 K in a platinum crucible, interspersed with grinding, the reaction mixture was heated to the melt (1343 K). The molten product was then cooled to room temperature at 5 K/h. The resulting solid contained brown crystals of a suitable size for X-ray diffraction.
4. Refinement
Crystal data, data collection and structure . The highest peak and the deepest hole in the final Fourier map are at 0.63 and 0.68 Å from Sr1 and P2, respectively.
details are summarized in Table 1The distinction between cobalt and iron by X-ray diffraction is nearly impossible. Therefore we have examined several crystallographic models during the a (2/m) and 8g (2), respectively. This cationic distribution in this model corresponds to the stoichiometry of the expected compound, in addition to the electric neutrality in the structure in reasonable agreement with the final model.
refinements of the title compound. Based on the stoichiometric ratio of 1:2 for iron and cobalt in the starting materials, we assumed the same ratio in the crystal structures with oxidation states of +II for cobalt and and +III for iron. The best model is obtained with Fe1 and Co1 atoms in the Wyckoff positions 4Supporting information
CCDC reference: 1492743
https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989016011373/pk2584sup1.cif
contains datablock I. DOI:Structure factors: contains datablock I. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1107/S2056989016011373/pk2584Isup2.hkl
Data collection: APEX2 (Bruker, 2009); cell
SAINT (Bruker, 2009); data reduction: SAINT (Bruker, 2009); program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXT2014 (Sheldrick, 2015a); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2015b); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 2012) and DIAMOND (Brandenburg, 2006); software used to prepare material for publication: publCIF (Westrip, 2010).SrCo2Fe(PO4)3 | Dx = 4.011 Mg m−3 |
Mr = 546.24 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
Orthorhombic, Imma | Cell parameters from 1297 reflections |
a = 10.4097 (2) Å | θ = 3.1–37.6° |
b = 13.2714 (3) Å | µ = 11.64 mm−1 |
c = 6.5481 (2) Å | T = 296 K |
V = 904.63 (4) Å3 | Block, brown |
Z = 4 | 0.30 × 0.27 × 0.21 mm |
F(000) = 1036 |
Bruker X8 APEX diffractometer | 1297 independent reflections |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | 1243 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.030 |
φ and ω scans | θmax = 37.6°, θmin = 3.1° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Krause et al., 2015) | h = −17→17 |
Tmin = 0.595, Tmax = 0.747 | k = −22→19 |
10008 measured reflections | l = −11→11 |
Refinement on F2 | 0 restraints |
Least-squares matrix: full | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0245P)2 + 0.761P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.017 | (Δ/σ)max < 0.001 |
wR(F2) = 0.046 | Δρmax = 1.00 e Å−3 |
S = 1.16 | Δρmin = −0.74 e Å−3 |
1297 reflections | Extinction correction: SHELXL2014 (Sheldrick, 2014b), Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
54 parameters | Extinction coefficient: 0.0131 (4) |
Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes. |
x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | ||
Sr1 | 1.0000 | 0.7500 | 0.59715 (3) | 0.00785 (6) | |
Co1 | 0.7500 | 0.63284 (2) | 0.2500 | 0.00537 (6) | |
Fe1 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.5000 | 0.00392 (7) | |
P1 | 1.0000 | 0.7500 | 0.09098 (8) | 0.00336 (9) | |
P2 | 0.7500 | 0.42747 (3) | 0.2500 | 0.00388 (7) | |
O1 | 1.0000 | 0.65633 (9) | −0.04439 (19) | 0.00660 (18) | |
O2 | 0.88277 (11) | 0.7500 | 0.23618 (18) | 0.00607 (18) | |
O3 | 0.71075 (8) | 0.36360 (6) | 0.06735 (14) | 0.00776 (14) | |
O4 | 0.63833 (7) | 0.50376 (6) | 0.29533 (14) | 0.00600 (13) |
U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 | |
Sr1 | 0.00819 (9) | 0.01003 (10) | 0.00534 (9) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Co1 | 0.00533 (9) | 0.00376 (10) | 0.00704 (10) | 0.000 | 0.00073 (6) | 0.000 |
Fe1 | 0.00292 (11) | 0.00439 (13) | 0.00443 (12) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.00015 (9) |
P1 | 0.00344 (18) | 0.0029 (2) | 0.0038 (2) | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 |
P2 | 0.00410 (14) | 0.00365 (17) | 0.00388 (14) | 0.000 | 0.00051 (10) | 0.000 |
O1 | 0.0081 (4) | 0.0045 (5) | 0.0073 (4) | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.0017 (4) |
O2 | 0.0046 (4) | 0.0073 (5) | 0.0063 (4) | 0.000 | 0.0020 (3) | 0.000 |
O3 | 0.0094 (3) | 0.0075 (3) | 0.0064 (3) | −0.0017 (3) | 0.0003 (3) | −0.0023 (2) |
O4 | 0.0050 (3) | 0.0057 (3) | 0.0074 (3) | 0.0013 (2) | 0.0021 (2) | 0.0006 (2) |
Sr1—O1i | 2.6561 (13) | Fe1—O4 | 1.9678 (8) |
Sr1—O1ii | 2.6561 (13) | Fe1—O4xi | 1.9678 (8) |
Sr1—O2iii | 2.6600 (12) | Fe1—O4xii | 1.9678 (8) |
Sr1—O2 | 2.6600 (12) | Fe1—O4xiii | 1.9678 (8) |
Sr1—O3iv | 2.6690 (9) | Fe1—O1iv | 2.0950 (12) |
Sr1—O3v | 2.6690 (9) | Fe1—O1xiv | 2.0950 (12) |
Sr1—O3vi | 2.6690 (9) | P1—O1iii | 1.5268 (12) |
Sr1—O3vii | 2.6690 (9) | P1—O1 | 1.5268 (12) |
Co1—O2 | 2.0824 (8) | P1—O2iii | 1.5470 (12) |
Co1—O2viii | 2.0824 (8) | P1—O2 | 1.5470 (12) |
Co1—O4ix | 2.0913 (8) | P2—O3 | 1.5219 (9) |
Co1—O4 | 2.0914 (8) | P2—O3ix | 1.5219 (9) |
Co1—O3x | 2.1183 (9) | P2—O4 | 1.5698 (8) |
Co1—O3iv | 2.1183 (9) | P2—O4ix | 1.5698 (8) |
O1i—Sr1—O1ii | 55.81 (5) | O2viii—Co1—O3x | 84.14 (4) |
O1i—Sr1—O2iii | 141.74 (2) | O4ix—Co1—O3x | 89.21 (3) |
O1ii—Sr1—O2iii | 141.74 (2) | O4—Co1—O3x | 92.88 (3) |
O1i—Sr1—O2 | 141.74 (2) | O2—Co1—O3iv | 84.14 (4) |
O1ii—Sr1—O2 | 141.74 (2) | O2viii—Co1—O3iv | 93.94 (4) |
O2iii—Sr1—O2 | 54.61 (5) | O4ix—Co1—O3iv | 92.89 (3) |
O1i—Sr1—O3iv | 109.21 (2) | O4—Co1—O3iv | 89.21 (3) |
O1ii—Sr1—O3iv | 78.48 (2) | O3x—Co1—O3iv | 177.44 (5) |
O2iii—Sr1—O3iv | 108.19 (3) | O4—Fe1—O4xi | 94.07 (5) |
O2—Sr1—O3iv | 63.77 (3) | O4—Fe1—O4xii | 85.93 (5) |
O1i—Sr1—O3v | 78.48 (2) | O4xi—Fe1—O4xii | 180.0 |
O1ii—Sr1—O3v | 109.21 (2) | O4—Fe1—O4xiii | 180.0 |
O2iii—Sr1—O3v | 63.77 (3) | O4xi—Fe1—O4xiii | 85.93 (5) |
O2—Sr1—O3v | 108.19 (3) | O4xii—Fe1—O4xiii | 94.07 (5) |
O3iv—Sr1—O3v | 171.61 (4) | O4—Fe1—O1iv | 86.02 (3) |
O1i—Sr1—O3vi | 78.48 (2) | O4xi—Fe1—O1iv | 86.02 (3) |
O1ii—Sr1—O3vi | 109.21 (2) | O4xii—Fe1—O1iv | 93.98 (3) |
O2iii—Sr1—O3vi | 108.19 (3) | O4xiii—Fe1—O1iv | 93.98 (3) |
O2—Sr1—O3vi | 63.77 (3) | O4—Fe1—O1xiv | 93.98 (3) |
O3iv—Sr1—O3vi | 68.78 (4) | O4xi—Fe1—O1xiv | 93.98 (3) |
O3v—Sr1—O3vi | 110.56 (4) | O4xii—Fe1—O1xiv | 86.02 (3) |
O1i—Sr1—O3vii | 109.21 (2) | O4xiii—Fe1—O1xiv | 86.02 (3) |
O1ii—Sr1—O3vii | 78.48 (2) | O1iv—Fe1—O1xiv | 180.0 |
O2iii—Sr1—O3vii | 63.77 (3) | O1iii—P1—O1 | 109.01 (10) |
O2—Sr1—O3vii | 108.19 (3) | O1iii—P1—O2iii | 110.91 (3) |
O3iv—Sr1—O3vii | 110.56 (4) | O1—P1—O2iii | 110.91 (3) |
O3v—Sr1—O3vii | 68.78 (4) | O1iii—P1—O2 | 110.91 (3) |
O3vi—Sr1—O3vii | 171.61 (4) | O1—P1—O2 | 110.91 (3) |
O2—Co1—O2viii | 83.39 (5) | O2iii—P1—O2 | 104.15 (9) |
O2—Co1—O4ix | 103.68 (3) | O3—P2—O3ix | 112.30 (7) |
O2viii—Co1—O4ix | 170.65 (4) | O3—P2—O4 | 108.00 (5) |
O2—Co1—O4 | 170.65 (4) | O3ix—P2—O4 | 114.17 (5) |
O2viii—Co1—O4 | 103.68 (3) | O3—P2—O4ix | 114.17 (5) |
O4ix—Co1—O4 | 70.01 (4) | O3ix—P2—O4ix | 108.00 (5) |
O2—Co1—O3x | 93.94 (4) | O4—P2—O4ix | 99.68 (6) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+2, −y+3/2, z+1; (ii) x, y, z+1; (iii) −x+2, −y+3/2, z; (iv) −x+3/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (v) x+1/2, y+1/2, z+1/2; (vi) −x+3/2, y+1/2, z+1/2; (vii) x+1/2, −y+1, z+1/2; (viii) −x+3/2, −y+3/2, −z+1/2; (ix) −x+3/2, y, −z+1/2; (x) x, −y+1, −z; (xi) −x+1, y, z; (xii) x, −y+1, −z+1; (xiii) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (xiv) x−1/2, y, −z+1/2. |
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Unit of Support for Technical and Scientific Research (UATRS, CNRST) for the X-ray measurements and Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco, for the financial support.
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