Figure 3
Measuring plunger and droplet speeds. (a) The relationship between pressure and plunger speed, linear fit: speed (m s−1) = ∼1.5 × pressure (bar). (b) A boxplot of droplet speeds with ten different droplets tracked over at least three frames for each position, measured at the spray tip (0 mm) and at a distance of 4 mm. (c) Microscopic images of the spray tip (red, scale bar 200 µm), the breakup point of the liquid jet (grey, scale bar 100 µm), 4 mm away from the capillary tip (blue, scale bar 100 µm) and a grid square of a vitrified grid in the electron microscope (yellow, scale bar 10 µm). |