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2-(2-Aminoethyl)pyridine (2-aep, C
7H
10N
2) acts as a bridging ligand in bis[μ-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine-κ
2N:
N′]disilver(I) dinitrate, [Ag
2(2-aep)
2](NO
3)
2, and bis[μ-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine-κ
2N:
N′]disilver(I) diperchlorate, [Ag
2(2-aep)
2](ClO
4)
2. Both salts contain the dinuclear [Ag
2(2-aep)
2]
2+ cation, which possesses a crystallographic inversion center. The Ag
Ag distance is 3.1163 (5) Å for the nitrate and 3.0923 (3) Å for the perchlorate salt, and may indicate a weak
d10–
d10 interaction in each case. Essentially linear coordination of the Ag
I atom is perturbed by weak coordination to the anionic O atoms. These latter interactions organize the dinuclear cations into one-dimensional polymeric chains in the crystals of the two salts.
Supporting information
CCDC references: 275499; 275500
For the preparation of [Ag2(2-aep)2](NO3)2, to an acetonitrile solution (5 ml) of AgNO3 (0.169 g, 1.00 mmol), 2-aep (0.12 ml, 1.0 mmol) was added slowly with constant stirring. The white precipitate formed was filtered off and dried. It was re-dissolved in acetonitrile, and the solution was allowed to evaporate at low temperature (288 K) to yield colorless crystals suitable for X-ray data collection. Yield 0.18 g (0.62 mmol, 62%). Analysis calculated for C14H20Ag2N6O6 (584.10): C 28.78, H 3.45, N 14.48%; found: C 29.37, H 3.53, N 13.99%. IR (KBr disk, cm−1): 3258, 1595, 1477, 1375, 1035, 991, 825, 765, 588. For the preparation of [Ag2(2-aep)2](ClO4)2, to an aqueous solution (10 ml) of AgClO4·H2O (0.225 g, 1.00 mmol), 2-aep (0.12 ml, 1.0 mmol) was added slowly with constant stirring. The white precipitate formed was filtered off and dried. It was re-dissolved in acetonitrile, and the solution was allowed to evaporate at low temperature (288 K) to produce colorless crystals suitable for X-ray data collection. Yield 0.20 g (0.60 mmol, 60%). Analysis calculated for C14H20Ag2Cl2N4O8 (658.98): C 25.52, H 3.06, N 8.50%; found: C 24.76, H 2.98, N 7.95%. IR (KBr disk, cm−1): 3308, 1595, 1477, 1437, 1392, 1305, 1039, 765, 520.
Data collection: CAD-4 Software (Enraf–Nonius, 1989) for (I); SMART (Bruker, 2000) for (II). Cell refinement: CAD-4 Software for (I); SMART for (II). Data reduction: Xtal3.5 (Hall et al., 1995) for (I); SAINT (Bruker, 2000) for (II). For both compounds, program(s) used to solve structure: SHELXS97 (Sheldrick, 1997); program(s) used to refine structure: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997); molecular graphics: ORTEP-3 for Windows (Farrugia, 1997); software used to prepare material for publication: SHELXL97 (Sheldrick, 1997).
(I) bis[µ-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine-
κ2N:
N']disilver(I) dinitrate
top
Crystal data top
[Ag2(C7H10N2)2](NO3)2 | Z = 1 |
Mr = 584.10 | F(000) = 288 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 2.133 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 7.5983 (9) Å | Cell parameters from 25 reflections |
b = 7.8834 (10) Å | θ = 9.0–10.7° |
c = 8.2843 (10) Å | µ = 2.20 mm−1 |
α = 96.126 (10)° | T = 298 K |
β = 108.37 (1)° | Needle, colorless |
γ = 101.011 (10)° | 0.60 × 0.24 × 0.24 mm |
V = 454.80 (10) Å3 | |
Data collection top
Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer | 1945 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Radiation source: fine-focus sealed tube | Rint = 0.023 |
Graphite monochromator | θmax = 27.5°, θmin = 2.6° |
ω scans | h = 0→9 |
Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968) | k = −10→10 |
Tmin = 0.545, Tmax = 0.590 | l = −10→10 |
2109 measured reflections | 3 standard reflections every 250 reflections |
2070 independent reflections | intensity decay: none |
Refinement top
Refinement on F2 | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
Least-squares matrix: full | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.019 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
wR(F2) = 0.047 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0239P)2 + 0.2512P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
S = 1.07 | (Δ/σ)max = 0.001 |
2070 reflections | Δρmax = 0.45 e Å−3 |
136 parameters | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Extinction correction: SHELXL97, Fc*=kFc[1+0.001xFc2λ3/sin(2θ)]-1/4 |
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods | Extinction coefficient: 0.0382 (15) |
Crystal data top
[Ag2(C7H10N2)2](NO3)2 | γ = 101.011 (10)° |
Mr = 584.10 | V = 454.80 (10) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 1 |
a = 7.5983 (9) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 7.8834 (10) Å | µ = 2.20 mm−1 |
c = 8.2843 (10) Å | T = 298 K |
α = 96.126 (10)° | 0.60 × 0.24 × 0.24 mm |
β = 108.37 (1)° | |
Data collection top
Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer | 1945 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Absorption correction: ψ scan (North et al., 1968) | Rint = 0.023 |
Tmin = 0.545, Tmax = 0.590 | 3 standard reflections every 250 reflections |
2109 measured reflections | intensity decay: none |
2070 independent reflections | |
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.019 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.047 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.07 | Δρmax = 0.45 e Å−3 |
2070 reflections | Δρmin = −0.30 e Å−3 |
136 parameters | |
Special details top
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | |
Ag | 0.34583 (2) | 0.60123 (2) | 0.92022 (2) | 0.04171 (8) | |
C1 | 0.2589 (3) | 0.8861 (3) | 1.1364 (3) | 0.0376 (4) | |
H1 | 0.1369 | 0.8173 | 1.0749 | 0.045* | |
C2 | 0.2780 (3) | 1.0387 (3) | 1.2435 (3) | 0.0406 (4) | |
H2 | 0.1706 | 1.0732 | 1.2527 | 0.049* | |
C3 | 0.4578 (3) | 1.1401 (3) | 1.3371 (3) | 0.0414 (5) | |
H3 | 0.4743 | 1.2442 | 1.4104 | 0.050* | |
C4 | 0.6125 (3) | 1.0844 (3) | 1.3199 (3) | 0.0378 (4) | |
H4 | 0.7355 | 1.1504 | 1.3828 | 0.045* | |
C5 | 0.5857 (3) | 0.9295 (2) | 1.2087 (2) | 0.0305 (4) | |
C6 | 0.7521 (3) | 0.8646 (3) | 1.1898 (3) | 0.0381 (4) | |
H6A | 0.8526 | 0.9643 | 1.1960 | 0.046* | |
H6B | 0.7129 | 0.7916 | 1.0767 | 0.046* | |
C7 | 0.8310 (3) | 0.7596 (3) | 1.3272 (3) | 0.0396 (4) | |
H7A | 0.9509 | 0.7391 | 1.3212 | 0.048* | |
H7B | 0.8566 | 0.8273 | 1.4404 | 0.048* | |
N1 | 0.4094 (2) | 0.8320 (2) | 1.1167 (2) | 0.0321 (3) | |
N2 | 0.6977 (3) | 0.5891 (2) | 1.3062 (2) | 0.0359 (4) | |
N3 | −0.1563 (2) | 0.5617 (2) | 0.7599 (2) | 0.0350 (3) | |
O1 | −0.0192 (2) | 0.6394 (3) | 0.7243 (2) | 0.0575 (5) | |
O2 | −0.1627 (3) | 0.5971 (2) | 0.9067 (2) | 0.0651 (6) | |
O3 | −0.2896 (3) | 0.4538 (3) | 0.6497 (2) | 0.0710 (6) | |
H8A | 0.592 (4) | 0.607 (3) | 1.312 (3) | 0.037 (6)* | |
H8B | 0.748 (4) | 0.546 (4) | 1.398 (4) | 0.045 (7)* | |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
Ag | 0.04567 (11) | 0.03604 (11) | 0.03496 (10) | 0.00979 (7) | 0.00622 (7) | −0.00590 (6) |
C1 | 0.0293 (9) | 0.0366 (10) | 0.0410 (11) | 0.0019 (8) | 0.0086 (8) | 0.0033 (8) |
C2 | 0.0385 (11) | 0.0396 (11) | 0.0462 (12) | 0.0112 (9) | 0.0178 (9) | 0.0048 (9) |
C3 | 0.0494 (12) | 0.0306 (10) | 0.0392 (11) | 0.0056 (9) | 0.0135 (9) | −0.0027 (8) |
C4 | 0.0362 (10) | 0.0321 (10) | 0.0353 (10) | −0.0016 (8) | 0.0064 (8) | −0.0001 (8) |
C5 | 0.0317 (9) | 0.0301 (9) | 0.0279 (9) | 0.0031 (7) | 0.0096 (7) | 0.0076 (7) |
C6 | 0.0341 (10) | 0.0394 (11) | 0.0421 (11) | 0.0050 (8) | 0.0172 (8) | 0.0065 (9) |
C7 | 0.0319 (10) | 0.0407 (11) | 0.0382 (10) | 0.0077 (8) | 0.0047 (8) | −0.0020 (8) |
N1 | 0.0340 (8) | 0.0276 (7) | 0.0299 (8) | 0.0020 (6) | 0.0088 (6) | 0.0017 (6) |
N2 | 0.0403 (9) | 0.0380 (9) | 0.0290 (8) | 0.0118 (7) | 0.0105 (7) | 0.0043 (7) |
N3 | 0.0331 (8) | 0.0346 (8) | 0.0355 (8) | 0.0090 (7) | 0.0089 (7) | 0.0058 (7) |
O1 | 0.0402 (9) | 0.0774 (13) | 0.0589 (11) | 0.0088 (8) | 0.0239 (8) | 0.0177 (9) |
O2 | 0.0835 (14) | 0.0602 (12) | 0.0480 (10) | −0.0062 (10) | 0.0358 (10) | −0.0038 (9) |
O3 | 0.0676 (12) | 0.0726 (13) | 0.0433 (10) | −0.0194 (10) | 0.0032 (9) | 0.0001 (9) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Ag—N2i | 2.1671 (18) | C5—N1 | 1.343 (2) |
Ag—N1 | 2.1747 (17) | C5—C6 | 1.497 (3) |
Ag—O2ii | 2.7091 (18) | C6—C7 | 1.517 (3) |
Ag—O1 | 2.8290 (19) | C6—H6A | 0.9700 |
Ag—Agi | 3.1163 (5) | C6—H6B | 0.9700 |
C1—N1 | 1.343 (3) | C7—N2 | 1.477 (3) |
C1—C2 | 1.371 (3) | C7—H7A | 0.9700 |
C1—H1 | 0.9300 | C7—H7B | 0.9700 |
C2—C3 | 1.374 (3) | N2—Agi | 2.1671 (18) |
C2—H2 | 0.9300 | N2—H8A | 0.85 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.373 (3) | N2—H8B | 0.88 (3) |
C3—H3 | 0.9300 | N3—O3 | 1.227 (2) |
C4—C5 | 1.388 (3) | N3—O2 | 1.237 (2) |
C4—H4 | 0.9300 | N3—O1 | 1.240 (2) |
| | | |
N2i—Ag—N1 | 167.92 (6) | C5—C6—C7 | 112.98 (17) |
N2i—Ag—O2ii | 101.16 (6) | C5—C6—H6A | 109.0 |
N1—Ag—O2ii | 90.65 (6) | C7—C6—H6A | 109.0 |
N2i—Ag—O1 | 83.20 (7) | C5—C6—H6B | 109.0 |
N1—Ag—O1 | 95.26 (6) | C7—C6—H6B | 109.0 |
O2ii—Ag—O1 | 85.98 (6) | H6A—C6—H6B | 107.8 |
N2i—Ag—Agi | 80.41 (5) | N2—C7—C6 | 112.17 (17) |
N1—Ag—Agi | 104.28 (5) | N2—C7—H7A | 109.2 |
O2ii—Ag—Agi | 80.51 (5) | C6—C7—H7A | 109.2 |
O1—Ag—Agi | 156.25 (4) | N2—C7—H7B | 109.2 |
N1—C1—C2 | 122.65 (19) | C6—C7—H7B | 109.2 |
N1—C1—H1 | 118.7 | H7A—C7—H7B | 107.9 |
C2—C1—H1 | 118.7 | C5—N1—C1 | 118.58 (17) |
C1—C2—C3 | 119.2 (2) | C5—N1—Ag | 124.74 (13) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.4 | C1—N1—Ag | 116.49 (13) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.4 | C7—N2—Agi | 115.73 (13) |
C4—C3—C2 | 118.56 (19) | C7—N2—H8A | 109.3 (17) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.7 | Agi—N2—H8A | 112.0 (17) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.7 | C7—N2—H8B | 105.2 (19) |
C3—C4—C5 | 120.08 (19) | Agi—N2—H8B | 108.3 (18) |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.0 | H8A—N2—H8B | 106 (2) |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.0 | O3—N3—O2 | 119.23 (19) |
N1—C5—C4 | 120.94 (18) | O3—N3—O1 | 120.9 (2) |
N1—C5—C6 | 117.98 (17) | O2—N3—O1 | 119.84 (19) |
C4—C5—C6 | 121.07 (18) | N3—O1—Ag | 116.62 (14) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (ii) −x, −y+1, −z+2. |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H8B···O3iii | 0.88 (3) | 2.36 (3) | 3.124 (3) | 146 (2) |
N2—H8A···O3ii | 0.86 (3) | 2.38 (3) | 3.195 (3) | 158 (2) |
Symmetry codes: (ii) −x, −y+1, −z+2; (iii) x+1, y, z+1. |
(II) bis[µ-2-(2-aminoethyl)pyridine-
κ2N:
N']disilver(I) diperchlorate
top
Crystal data top
[Ag2(C7H10N2)2](ClO4)2 | Z = 1 |
Mr = 658.98 | F(000) = 324 |
Triclinic, P1 | Dx = 2.199 Mg m−3 |
Hall symbol: -P 1 | Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å |
a = 7.9933 (5) Å | Cell parameters from 5208 reflections |
b = 8.0990 (5) Å | θ = 2.5–28.3° |
c = 8.4726 (5) Å | µ = 2.29 mm−1 |
α = 98.294 (1)° | T = 100 K |
β = 97.990 (1)° | Needle, colorless |
γ = 110.495 (1)° | 0.30 × 0.27 × 0.18 mm |
V = 497.67 (5) Å3 | |
Data collection top
Bruker SMART CCD area detector diffractometer | 2336 independent reflections |
Radiation source: sealed tube | 2304 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Graphite monochromator | Rint = 0.016 |
ϕ and ω scans | θmax = 28.3°, θmin = 2.5° |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | h = −10→10 |
Tmin = 0.514, Tmax = 0.662 | k = −10→10 |
5743 measured reflections | l = −11→11 |
Refinement top
Refinement on F2 | Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods |
Least-squares matrix: full | Secondary atom site location: difference Fourier map |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.018 | Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites |
wR(F2) = 0.048 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.13 | w = 1/[σ2(Fo2) + (0.0257P)2 + 0.2891P] where P = (Fo2 + 2Fc2)/3 |
2336 reflections | (Δ/σ)max = 0.002 |
144 parameters | Δρmax = 0.42 e Å−3 |
0 restraints | Δρmin = −0.69 e Å−3 |
Crystal data top
[Ag2(C7H10N2)2](ClO4)2 | γ = 110.495 (1)° |
Mr = 658.98 | V = 497.67 (5) Å3 |
Triclinic, P1 | Z = 1 |
a = 7.9933 (5) Å | Mo Kα radiation |
b = 8.0990 (5) Å | µ = 2.29 mm−1 |
c = 8.4726 (5) Å | T = 100 K |
α = 98.294 (1)° | 0.30 × 0.27 × 0.18 mm |
β = 97.990 (1)° | |
Data collection top
Bruker SMART CCD area detector diffractometer | 2336 independent reflections |
Absorption correction: multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) | 2304 reflections with I > 2σ(I) |
Tmin = 0.514, Tmax = 0.662 | Rint = 0.016 |
5743 measured reflections | |
Refinement top
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.018 | 0 restraints |
wR(F2) = 0.048 | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
S = 1.13 | Δρmax = 0.42 e Å−3 |
2336 reflections | Δρmin = −0.69 e Å−3 |
144 parameters | |
Special details top
Geometry. All e.s.d.'s (except the e.s.d. in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell e.s.d.'s are taken into account individually in the estimation of e.s.d.'s in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between e.s.d.'s in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell e.s.d.'s is used for estimating e.s.d.'s involving l.s. planes. |
Refinement. Refinement of F2 against ALL reflections. The weighted R-factor wR and goodness of fit S are based on F2, conventional R-factors R are based on F, with F set to zero for negative F2. The threshold expression of F2 > σ(F2) is used only for calculating R-factors(gt) etc. and is not relevant to the choice of reflections for refinement. R-factors based on F2 are statistically about twice as large as those based on F, and R- factors based on ALL data will be even larger. |
Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Å2) top | x | y | z | Uiso*/Ueq | |
Ag | 0.61995 (2) | 0.41385 (2) | 0.58872 (2) | 0.01498 (6) | |
C1 | 0.7366 (2) | 0.1531 (2) | 0.3848 (2) | 0.0158 (3) | |
H1 | 0.8516 | 0.2350 | 0.4475 | 0.019* | |
C2 | 0.7303 (3) | 0.0035 (2) | 0.2801 (2) | 0.0168 (3) | |
H2 | 0.8382 | −0.0191 | 0.2730 | 0.020* | |
C3 | 0.5627 (3) | −0.1139 (2) | 0.1848 (2) | 0.0168 (3) | |
H3 | 0.5544 | −0.2178 | 0.1108 | 0.020* | |
C4 | 0.4080 (3) | −0.0772 (2) | 0.1993 (2) | 0.0152 (3) | |
H4 | 0.2928 | −0.1550 | 0.1341 | 0.018* | |
C5 | 0.4228 (2) | 0.0745 (2) | 0.3100 (2) | 0.0126 (3) | |
C6 | 0.2573 (2) | 0.1177 (2) | 0.3280 (2) | 0.0144 (3) | |
H6A | 0.2830 | 0.2013 | 0.4338 | 0.017* | |
H6B | 0.1543 | 0.0056 | 0.3284 | 0.017* | |
C7 | 0.2024 (2) | 0.2030 (2) | 0.1913 (2) | 0.0147 (3) | |
H7A | 0.1874 | 0.1245 | 0.0851 | 0.018* | |
H7B | 0.0836 | 0.2127 | 0.1987 | 0.018* | |
N1 | 0.5861 (2) | 0.1884 (2) | 0.40234 (18) | 0.0133 (3) | |
N2 | 0.3407 (2) | 0.3847 (2) | 0.19942 (19) | 0.0135 (3) | |
Cl | 0.87035 (5) | 0.56783 (5) | 0.21678 (5) | 0.01297 (9) | |
O1 | 0.8184 (2) | 0.6206 (2) | 0.36711 (17) | 0.0250 (3) | |
O2 | 1.0143 (2) | 0.5031 (2) | 0.2502 (2) | 0.0279 (3) | |
O3 | 0.9306 (2) | 0.72075 (19) | 0.14083 (17) | 0.0225 (3) | |
O4 | 0.71336 (18) | 0.42709 (19) | 0.10729 (17) | 0.0211 (3) | |
H8A | 0.441 (4) | 0.383 (4) | 0.189 (3) | 0.029 (7)* | |
H8B | 0.305 (4) | 0.424 (4) | 0.113 (4) | 0.029 (7)* | |
Atomic displacement parameters (Å2) top | U11 | U22 | U33 | U12 | U13 | U23 |
Ag | 0.01605 (9) | 0.01257 (8) | 0.01472 (8) | 0.00599 (6) | 0.00019 (5) | −0.00072 (5) |
C1 | 0.0133 (8) | 0.0163 (8) | 0.0168 (8) | 0.0053 (7) | 0.0009 (6) | 0.0036 (7) |
C2 | 0.0143 (8) | 0.0175 (8) | 0.0203 (9) | 0.0073 (7) | 0.0046 (7) | 0.0046 (7) |
C3 | 0.0193 (9) | 0.0144 (8) | 0.0166 (8) | 0.0071 (7) | 0.0042 (7) | 0.0006 (7) |
C4 | 0.0150 (8) | 0.0141 (8) | 0.0153 (8) | 0.0048 (7) | 0.0021 (6) | 0.0016 (6) |
C5 | 0.0127 (8) | 0.0126 (8) | 0.0131 (8) | 0.0048 (6) | 0.0025 (6) | 0.0046 (6) |
C6 | 0.0135 (8) | 0.0132 (8) | 0.0170 (8) | 0.0057 (6) | 0.0040 (6) | 0.0028 (6) |
C7 | 0.0125 (8) | 0.0130 (8) | 0.0170 (8) | 0.0047 (6) | 0.0004 (6) | 0.0007 (6) |
N1 | 0.0137 (7) | 0.0115 (7) | 0.0134 (7) | 0.0044 (6) | 0.0016 (5) | 0.0014 (5) |
N2 | 0.0121 (7) | 0.0132 (7) | 0.0144 (7) | 0.0045 (6) | 0.0021 (6) | 0.0018 (6) |
Cl | 0.01122 (19) | 0.01351 (19) | 0.01329 (19) | 0.00509 (15) | 0.00084 (14) | 0.00058 (15) |
O1 | 0.0300 (8) | 0.0270 (8) | 0.0166 (7) | 0.0094 (6) | 0.0094 (6) | −0.0009 (6) |
O2 | 0.0208 (7) | 0.0290 (8) | 0.0371 (9) | 0.0175 (6) | −0.0012 (6) | 0.0034 (7) |
O3 | 0.0251 (7) | 0.0169 (7) | 0.0228 (7) | 0.0040 (6) | 0.0040 (6) | 0.0069 (6) |
O4 | 0.0148 (6) | 0.0194 (7) | 0.0200 (7) | 0.0002 (5) | −0.0013 (5) | −0.0028 (5) |
Geometric parameters (Å, º) top
Ag—N1 | 2.1458 (15) | C5—C6 | 1.503 (2) |
Ag—N2i | 2.1498 (16) | C6—C7 | 1.521 (2) |
Ag—O2ii | 2.8476 (15) | C6—H6A | 0.9900 |
Ag—O1 | 2.9529 (15) | C6—H6B | 0.9900 |
Ag—Agi | 3.0923 (3) | C7—N2 | 1.485 (2) |
C1—N1 | 1.353 (2) | C7—H7A | 0.9900 |
C1—C2 | 1.375 (3) | C7—H7B | 0.9900 |
C1—H1 | 0.9500 | N2—Agi | 2.1498 (15) |
C2—C3 | 1.392 (3) | N2—H8A | 0.83 (3) |
C2—H2 | 0.9500 | N2—H8B | 0.89 (3) |
C3—C4 | 1.386 (3) | Cl—O2 | 1.4336 (14) |
C3—H3 | 0.9500 | Cl—O3 | 1.4416 (14) |
C4—C5 | 1.393 (2) | Cl—O1 | 1.4465 (14) |
C4—H4 | 0.9500 | Cl—O4 | 1.4506 (13) |
C5—N1 | 1.353 (2) | | |
| | | |
N1—Ag—N2i | 171.48 (6) | C7—C6—H6A | 109.2 |
N1—Ag—O2ii | 99.77 (5) | C5—C6—H6B | 109.2 |
N2i—Ag—O2ii | 76.42 (5) | C7—C6—H6B | 109.2 |
N1—Ag—O1 | 82.61 (5) | H6A—C6—H6B | 107.9 |
N2i—Ag—O1 | 104.00 (5) | N2—C7—C6 | 111.63 (14) |
O2ii—Ag—O1 | 80.22 (5) | N2—C7—H7A | 109.3 |
N1—Ag—Agi | 101.34 (4) | C6—C7—H7A | 109.3 |
N2i—Ag—Agi | 86.09 (4) | N2—C7—H7B | 109.3 |
O2ii—Ag—Agi | 141.05 (3) | C6—C7—H7B | 109.3 |
O1—Ag—Agi | 70.56 (3) | H7A—C7—H7B | 108.0 |
N1—C1—C2 | 122.80 (17) | C1—N1—C5 | 118.77 (15) |
N1—C1—H1 | 118.6 | C1—N1—Ag | 117.23 (12) |
C2—C1—H1 | 118.6 | C5—N1—Ag | 123.86 (12) |
C1—C2—C3 | 118.64 (17) | C7—N2—Agi | 116.08 (11) |
C1—C2—H2 | 120.7 | C7—N2—H8A | 113.2 (19) |
C3—C2—H2 | 120.7 | Agi—N2—H8A | 108.3 (19) |
C4—C3—C2 | 119.09 (17) | C7—N2—H8B | 107.5 (18) |
C4—C3—H3 | 120.5 | Agi—N2—H8B | 106.9 (18) |
C2—C3—H3 | 120.5 | H8A—N2—H8B | 104 (3) |
C3—C4—C5 | 119.54 (17) | O2—Cl—O3 | 109.92 (9) |
C3—C4—H4 | 120.2 | O2—Cl—O1 | 109.69 (10) |
C5—C4—H4 | 120.2 | O3—Cl—O1 | 109.39 (9) |
N1—C5—C4 | 121.13 (16) | O2—Cl—O4 | 109.85 (9) |
N1—C5—C6 | 118.21 (15) | O3—Cl—O4 | 108.77 (9) |
C4—C5—C6 | 120.65 (16) | O1—Cl—O4 | 109.20 (9) |
C5—C6—C7 | 112.02 (14) | Cl—O1—Ag | 132.94 (9) |
C5—C6—H6A | 109.2 | | |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+1. |
Hydrogen-bond geometry (Å, º) top
D—H···A | D—H | H···A | D···A | D—H···A |
N2—H8B···O3iii | 0.89 (3) | 2.48 (3) | 3.162 (2) | 134 (2) |
N2—H8A···O4 | 0.83 (3) | 2.30 (3) | 3.099 (2) | 164 (3) |
Symmetry code: (iii) −x+1, −y+1, −z. |
Experimental details
| (I) | (II) |
Crystal data |
Chemical formula | [Ag2(C7H10N2)2](NO3)2 | [Ag2(C7H10N2)2](ClO4)2 |
Mr | 584.10 | 658.98 |
Crystal system, space group | Triclinic, P1 | Triclinic, P1 |
Temperature (K) | 298 | 100 |
a, b, c (Å) | 7.5983 (9), 7.8834 (10), 8.2843 (10) | 7.9933 (5), 8.0990 (5), 8.4726 (5) |
α, β, γ (°) | 96.126 (10), 108.37 (1), 101.011 (10) | 98.294 (1), 97.990 (1), 110.495 (1) |
V (Å3) | 454.80 (10) | 497.67 (5) |
Z | 1 | 1 |
Radiation type | Mo Kα | Mo Kα |
µ (mm−1) | 2.20 | 2.29 |
Crystal size (mm) | 0.60 × 0.24 × 0.24 | 0.30 × 0.27 × 0.18 |
|
Data collection |
Diffractometer | Enraf–Nonius CAD-4 diffractometer | Bruker SMART CCD area detector diffractometer |
Absorption correction | ψ scan (North et al., 1968) | Multi-scan (SADABS; Sheldrick, 1996) |
Tmin, Tmax | 0.545, 0.590 | 0.514, 0.662 |
No. of measured, independent and observed [I > 2σ(I)] reflections | 2109, 2070, 1945 | 5743, 2336, 2304 |
Rint | 0.023 | 0.016 |
(sin θ/λ)max (Å−1) | 0.649 | 0.666 |
|
Refinement |
R[F2 > 2σ(F2)], wR(F2), S | 0.019, 0.047, 1.07 | 0.018, 0.048, 1.13 |
No. of reflections | 2070 | 2336 |
No. of parameters | 136 | 144 |
H-atom treatment | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement | H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement |
Δρmax, Δρmin (e Å−3) | 0.45, −0.30 | 0.42, −0.69 |
Selected geometric parameters (Å, º) for (I) topAg—N2i | 2.1671 (18) | Ag—O1 | 2.8290 (19) |
Ag—N1 | 2.1747 (17) | Ag—Agi | 3.1163 (5) |
Ag—O2ii | 2.7091 (18) | | |
| | | |
N2i—Ag—N1 | 167.92 (6) | O2ii—Ag—O1 | 85.98 (6) |
N2i—Ag—O2ii | 101.16 (6) | N2i—Ag—Agi | 80.41 (5) |
N1—Ag—O2ii | 90.65 (6) | N1—Ag—Agi | 104.28 (5) |
N2i—Ag—O1 | 83.20 (7) | O2ii—Ag—Agi | 80.51 (5) |
N1—Ag—O1 | 95.26 (6) | O1—Ag—Agi | 156.25 (4) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+2; (ii) −x, −y+1, −z+2. |
Selected geometric parameters (Å, º) for (II) topAg—N1 | 2.1458 (15) | Ag—O1 | 2.9529 (15) |
Ag—N2i | 2.1498 (16) | Ag—Agi | 3.0923 (3) |
Ag—O2ii | 2.8476 (15) | | |
| | | |
N1—Ag—N2i | 171.48 (6) | O2ii—Ag—O1 | 80.22 (5) |
N1—Ag—O2ii | 99.77 (5) | N1—Ag—Agi | 101.34 (4) |
N2i—Ag—O2ii | 76.42 (5) | N2i—Ag—Agi | 86.09 (4) |
N1—Ag—O1 | 82.61 (5) | O2ii—Ag—Agi | 141.05 (3) |
N2i—Ag—O1 | 104.00 (5) | O1—Ag—Agi | 70.56 (3) |
Symmetry codes: (i) −x+1, −y+1, −z+1; (ii) −x+2, −y+1, −z+1. |
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The design of coordination polymers requires knowledge of geometrical and ligand atom preferences of the metal ion as well as the structural features of the ligand (Khlobystov et al., 2001). AgI, well known for its preference for linear coordination, can bind with bidentate ligands to form one-dimensional polymeric chains as well as ligand bridged dinuclear complexes. The observed stereochemistry and crystal structures are influenced by several factors: (i) metal–metal interaction indicated by an Ag···Ag distance in the range 2.8–3.4 Å; (ii) coordination shell expansion leading to coordination number 3 or higher, which may be accomplished through the coordination of an additional ligand or anions; (iii) non-covalent interactions with anions; (iv) π–π stacking interaction between aromatic groups.
We recently reported some AgI complexes with various isomers of aminomethylpyridines (amp; Sailaja & Rajasekharan, 2003; Sailaja & Rajasekharan, 2000), which illustrate the above factors. To study further the effect of anions on the structures through self-assembly processes, we have synthesized two complexes of AgI with 2-(2'-aminoethyl)pyridine (2-aep) and with NO3− and ClO4− as anions, viz. [Ag2(2-aep)2](NO3)2, (I), and [Ag2(2-aep)2](ClO4)2, (II). Even though 2-aep is the next higher homologue of 2-amp, the structures of the present AgI complexes are entirely different.
In both (I) and (II), the cationic part consists of a 12-membered ring with an inversion center, made up of two Ag atoms bridged by two 2-aep ligands in a head-to-tail fashion (Figs. 1 and 2). The Ag atoms are coordinated to the pyridine and amine groups from two different ligands in a nearly linear mode. The conformation of the 12-membered ring is such that there is a close contact between the two Ag atoms [3.1163 (5) Å for (I) and 3.0923 (3) Å for (II)]. There are additional weak interactions with two anionic O atoms [Ag–O = 2.7091 (18) and 2.8290 (19) Å for (I), and 2.8476 (15) and 2.9529 (15) Å for (II)]. These interactions, coming from two different anions, lead to the formation of anion-bridged one-dimensional chains of the dinuclear cations (Figs. 3 and 4). The chains are linked by a hydrogen bond between one H atom of the NH2 group and a free O atom of the anions [N2···O3(1 + x, y, 1 + z) = 3.124 (3) Å and 146 (2)° for (I); N2···O3(1 − x, 1 − y, −z) = 3.162 (2) Å and 134 (2)° for (II)], the other H atom being hydrogen bonded to another free O atom of the anion within the chain itself [N2···O3(−x, 1 − y, 2 − z) = 3.195 (3) Å and 158 (2)° for (I); N2···O4 = 3.099 (2) Å and 164 (3)° for (II)]. With regard to the formation of the chains, (I) and (II) are exactly analogous to the structure of [Ag2(8-aminoquinoline)2](NO3)2, (III) (Schmidbaur et al., 1991), which contains a ten-membered cation ring [Ag–Ag = 3.035 (1) Å, Ag–O = 2.435 (2) Å and 2.728 (1) Å, and N—Ag—N = 152.6 (1)°].
It is instructive to compare the present structure with those of AgI complexes of the lower homologues of 2-aep, viz. 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine (2-amp) and 2-aminopyridine (2-apy). Both Ag(2-amp)NO3, (IV) (Swarnabala & Rajasekharan, 1997), and Ag(2-amp)ClO4, (V) (Sailaja & Rajasekharan, 2000), form one-dimensional ligand bridged chains. Weak coordination with the anion is observed in the structures but there is no Ag–Ag bonding. In the case of 2-apy, complexes with AgI carboxylates have been characterized (You & Zhu, 2004). Generally, the aromatic amine group does not coordinate because of its low basicity. However, the structure of [Ag2(2-apy)2](CF3COO)2, (VI), contains an eight-membered dication ring with three-coordinate Ag and a close Ag···Ag contact. An important feature of two-coordinate AgI complexes in the solid state is coordination to anions. The range of interaction extends from weak non-covalent to covalent character as seen from the following data for the above-mentioned compounds: Ag—O (Å) and N—Ag—N (°) for (I): 2.709 (2) and 167.92 (6); (II): 2.848 (2) and 171.48 (6); (III): 2.435 (2) and 152.6 (1); (IV): 2.72 (3) and 164.9 (2); (V): 2.732 (3) and 171.0 (1); (VI): 2.384 (3) and 134.0 (1). The deviation of the N—Ag—N group from linearity correlates with the strength of the Ag–O interaction. In (VI), where the Ag–O bond is the strongest, the coordination geometry is close to trigonal planar.
The nature of d10–d10 interactions in AgI complexes has been reviewed elsewhere (Sailaja & Rajasekharan, 2003). Even though there is no need to propose an Ag–Ag bond in dibridged structures, the interaction between two Ag+ complex ions at distances less than two times of the van der Waals radius of Ag (1.72 Å; Bondi, 1964) is, no doubt, an attractive one.