Structure solution by minimal-function phase refinement and Fourier filtering. II. Implementation and applications

The minimal function, R(φ), has been used to provide the basis for a new computer-intensive direct-methods procedure that shows potential for providing fully automatic routine solutions for structures in the 200–400 atom range. This procedure, which has been called shake-and-bake, is an iterative process in which real-space filtering is alternated with phase refinement using a technique that reduces the value of R(φ). It has been successfully tested using experimental data for a dozen known structures ranging in size from 25 to 317 atoms and crystallizing in a variety of space groups. The details of this procedure, the parameters used and the results of these applications are described.