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March 2004 issue
Cover illustration: Top: simulation of Young's interference pattern (vertical line scan) in the 5-20 keV energy range (horizontal, colors indicate different wavelengths), see pages 190-197. Bottom: calculated area maps at different points of the spectrum. Owing to both the absorption of radiation in the thin foil containing the pinholes and the coherence properties of the X-rays, a double pinhole and a point diffraction interferometer are realized in a single set-up.
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research papers
A new 1.25 cm short-period mini-gap undulator has been installed in the NSLS X13 straight section. Characterization of the on-axis brightness has been performed at various magnetic gap settings using a single-crystal spectrometer.
The performance of an indirectly cooled cryogenic silicon monochromator under heat loads up to 870 W has been studied. At a heat load of ∼400 W and under standard operation conditions, the crystal distortions did not exceed 1 µrad.
Characterization of a new beamline specifically designed for high-flux vacuum-ultraviolet circular dichroism.
Highly efficient and effective methods of implementing optics for a high-energy X-ray synchrotron beamline by combining flat and bent crystals and refractive lenses are demonstrated.
Ray-tracing simulations of mistuned sagittal diffractive–refractive X-ray lenses, their characteristic aberrations and sensitivity to the mutual misalignment of their components are discussed. A comparative analysis of ideal parabolic and cylindrical DRXLs for two different source types is presented.
A new facility for the study of materials processing has been designed and built on the SRS at Daresbury Laboratory. A matched pair of gas-filled wire chambers is able to provide simultaneous data for powder diffraction and small-angle scattering on a timescale of 1 s per frame.
A novel design concept is presented for a variable-included-angle Monk–Gillieson mounting monochromator with a varied-line-spacing plane grating, in which the grating is illuminated by converging X-rays.
Development and test of an interpolating two-dimensional X-ray imaging prototype detector for time-resolved structure research in the milli- or microsecond time domain.
Divergent-beam X-ray diffraction from a diamond crystal is demonstrated using an external fluorescent source excited by synchrotron radiation.
Two types of interferometer for hard X-rays have been realised and investigated with incident white synchrotron radiation using an energy-dispersive detector with an energy resolution of about 200 eV. In both interferometers a thin tantalum foil containing small pinholes was used as a beamsplitter.
The sorption of americium onto groundwater colloids was studied in sodium bicarbonate groundwater and sodium chloride bicarbonate-free solutions. XAFS analyses were performed on these sorbed Am species to establish the oxidation state and near-neighbour bonding.
A low-temperature rapid-mixing and flow system has been designed and implemented to monitor catalysis involving metal ions by X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the ID-18 beamline of the Advanced Photon Source. The results of the initial testing of the system are presented.
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Local structure studies on Tsukuba gabbroic rocks are presented. A novel imaging tool, a projection-type XRF microscope, has been applied.
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