Figure 3
Length of the conductance-limiting pipe as a function of pressure at the low-pressure side of the first stage. The high-pressure side is maintained at atmospheric pressure. Shown are the measurements for a smooth and a rough pipe, together with theoretical predictions based on turbulent flow. For comparison, predictions for laminar flow are also included. The upper insert indicates the circuit diagram of the first stage, including the pipe, pump and pressure gauge. The lower insert shows the structure of the rough pipe. The circled data point corresponds to the chosen operating point of the pump. |