Figure 3
(a) Trace of the first discharge/charge cycle of a NiO electrode in a Li battery, with bars indicating NiO/Ni ratios determined from the chemical phase maps of several ex situ samples, shown in (b). NiO/Ni ratios were determined for each phase map as the average over all pixels in the image. Multiple single FOV images (tiles of mosaic images, not shown) were included to determine error bars (N = 2, 6, 4 and 4 for samples P, R1, R2 and O, respectively). (b) Corresponding chemical RGB phase maps (red = NiO, green = Ni, blue = mixed states) for samples P (pristine electrode), R1 (partially reduced), R2 (fully reduced to Ni) and O (re-oxidized). |