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![[Figure 1]](ing5001fig1mag.jpg)
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Figure 1
Experimental investigation of X-ray-induced gas bubble formation. (a) Bubble formation during X-ray phase-contrast tomography of human liver tissue during a beamline incident, when a high-energy X-ray beam was in the same location (about 4 h instead of the normal scanning time of 10 min) due to scanning software malfunction. The bubbles create huge streaking artifacts in the reconstructed image. (b) For comparison, the imaging outcome of the same sample without bubbles after re-degassing following the incident. The liver images are only shown here to illustrate the deleterious effects of bubbles in synchrotron X-ray experiments. Image modified from Brunet et al. (2023  ). (c) Bubbles revealed (black arrows) by differential intensities between (a) and (b) within the region specified in (a). The contrast change, such as the negative differential signal within the liver vasculature, is primarily caused by bubble formation. (d) Experimental setup for probing the phenomenon using a micro-gas chromatograph for online detection. A small hole was drilled in the sealed red lid of the sample container to let the gas escape. (e) Photograph of the sample container in a sealed external housing. |
![[Figure 1]](ing5001fig1.jpg)
 | JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION |
ISSN: 1600-5775
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