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Figure 10
Relationship between the energy of electrons seeded within a solid light-atom target, C613N203O185, and the intensity-averaged charge of carbon. Each dot corresponds to a simulation of the light-atom control subjected to a 1012 10 keV photons µm−2, 15.0 fs FWHM pulse, but with an artificial injection of free electrons at the energy denoted by the horizontal axis. Electrons were injected at the same rate across all simulations, proportional to the intensity. Specifically, electrons were added at three times the photoionization rate of the undamaged target at the given intensity. The dashed line indicates the averaged carbon charge when no electrons are injected.

Journal logoJOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION
ISSN: 1600-5775
Volume 32| Part 5| September 2025| Pages 1124-1142
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525005934
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