Figure 4
The same view as in Fig. 3, but showing the three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network in (I) (coordination bonds have been omitted). The urea molecules, via a strong hydrogen bond donated from one of the carboxylic acid groups, serve to link the hydrophobic filaments in the layers. Carboxylic acid–sulfonate, urea–water and water–sulfonate hydrogen bonds interweave the monolayers. |