Noncovalent interactions and odd–even effect control the high-pressure crystal structures of phenyl alcohols

We report four high-pressure crystal structures of a homologous series of phenyl alcohols starting with benzyl alcohol, C₆H₅(CH₂)_nOH (n = 1–4). Results were obtained using synchrotron and laboratory single-crystal X-ray diffraction supported by powder diffraction and periodic density functional theory calculations. For three alcohols, 2-phenylethanol, 3-phenyl-1-propanol and 4-phenyl-1-butanol, these represent the first crystal structures of the pure compounds. All structures are characterized by hydrogen-bonded chains of O—H⋯O interactions, complemented by stabilizing C—H⋯π and C—H⋯O contacts. Despite similarities in local bonding motifs, distinct packing arrangements emerge depending on molecular chain length. Even alcohols (n = 2, 4) adopt closely related layered structures with efficient packing, whereas odd analogs (n = 1, 3) exhibit less dense and more asymmetric arrangements. High pressure induces crystallization under 1 GPa, highlighting the role of pressure in accessing otherwise undiscovered crystal forms.

1. Introduction

Hydrogen bonding and aromatic π-interactions are present in the crystal structures of many chemically relevant materials. One of the most prominent examples is DNA, where nucleobase stabilization arises from π-stacking, while base pairs bind through directional hydrogen bonds (Chattopadhyaya et al., 1988; Watson & Crick, 1953). These non­covalent interactions have been widely studied (Katrusiak, 2026; Nayak et al., 2010; Steiner, 2002; Desiraju, 1991; Gajda et al., 2019; Katrusiak et al., 2010; Budzianowski & Katrusiak, 2006; Kirchner et al., 2011; Podsiadło et al., 2010; Thakur et al., 2011; Marciniak et al., 2016; Prus et al., 2022; Moorthy et al., 2012; Desiraju, 1995). It has been shown that hydrogen bonds typically organize into chain or dimer motifs, while aromatic rings preferentially adopt slipped-stack or T-shaped arrangements rather than ideal face-to-face stacking. Substitution on the aromatic ring or modification of the hydroxyl group not only strongly influences packing efficiency and conformational preferences but also affects thermodynamic stability and macroscopic properties. Crystallographic studies have demonstrated that even small structural modifications, for example in benzyl derivatives the substitution of functional groups such as hydroxyl, sulfhydryl, amino, cyano, chloro or bromo, can significantly alter the molecular packing scheme (Nayak et al., 2010). Understanding the coexistence between hydrogen bonding and aromatic interactions in crystal structures provides a benchmark for predicting the crystal forms of new functional materials.

Phenyl alcohols represent an important class of organic compounds in which both the hydroxyl group and the aromatic ring act as sources of intermolecular interactions. Their structural behavior is governed by the interplay between classical hydrogen bonding and aromatic π-interactions, making them valuable model systems for investigating competing noncovalent forces in condensed phases. The coexistence of these interactions often leads to complex intermolecular arrangements and structural disorder. It also may be the reason why many phenyl alcohols do not crystallize easily upon cooling and instead form glassy states. Consequently, experimental information about their crystalline structures remains limited. However, recent advances in high-pressure diffraction techniques (Katrusiak, 2026; Sacharczuk et al., 2026) have made it possible to obtain crystalline phases that are inaccessible under ambient conditions. By examining a series of phenyl alcohols that differ only slightly in molecular structure, one obtains a control group for probing how multiple noncovalent interactions shape crystal packing and stability.

This systematic study analyzes model phenyl compounds belonging to a homologous series. In these simple organic molecules, the aromatic ring and the hydroxyl group are connected by an alkyl side chain whose length varies in the number of carbon atoms. The distance between these functional groups is small enough to prevent any intramolecular interactions. The general formula of the series is C₆H₅(CH₂)_nOH, where n = 1 (benzyl alcohol, BA), n = 2 (2-phenylethanol, 2P), n = 3 (3-phenyl-1-propanol, 3P) or n = 4 (4-phenyl-1-butanol, 4P). All the compounds are liquids at ambient conditions. Upon cooling, only BA crystallizes, whereas the other compounds (2P, 3P and 4P) vitrify, forming glassy states with glass-transition temperatures of 184, 182 and 181 K, respectively (Soszka et al., 2021). Here we report four new high-pressure crystal structures and analyze them in terms of molecular conformations and intermolecular interactions. In the investigated series similarities in crystal packing were observed, as well as resemblances to other crystal structures of simple aliphatic alcohols described in the literature.

2. Results and discussion

2.1. High-pressure crystal structures of phenyl alcohols

High-pressure crystal structures of this phenyl alcohol series were determined using synchrotron radiation (SR-SCXD) and laboratory (SCXD) single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal structures of four alcohols at their crystallization point with basic crystallographic parameters are summarized in Table 1, with full details provided in the supporting information. For three of the alcohols, BA, 2P and 3P, a second pressure point around 1.5 GPa was achieved with no phase transition observed (details are provided in the supporting information). The total of seven crystal structures reported in this study have been deposited at the Cambridge Crystallographic Data Centre (CCDC), under deposition numbers CCDC 2587070–2587076.

Table 1
Basic crystallographic parameters of the studied phenyl alcohol series at 293 K and under various pressure conditions

	BA	2P	3P	4P
Space group	P212121	P21/c	Cc	P21
Pressure (GPa)	0.68	0.72	0.66	0.40
a (Å)	4.69	15.17	9.78	19.74
b (Å)	14.90	5.17	19.30	5.21
c (Å)	15.98	8.28	5.01	8.15
β (°)	90.00	96.87	128.64	91.90
Volume (Å^3)	1115.5	644.9	738.8	838.5
Z/Z′	8/2	4/1	4/1	4/2

Benzyl alcohol. The first in the investigated homologous series of alcohols is BA, also known as phenylmethanol. BA is the only compound in the series with a known low-temperature crystal structure (Nayak et al., 2010). It crystallizes below 210 K in the monoclinic crystal system with space group P2₁. A characteristic feature of this structure is hydrogen-bonded chains of molecules formed through O—H⋯O contacts. In the low-temperature structure of BA there are no interactions involving aromatic protons. In turn, methyl carbon interactions with the aromatic ring (sp³)C—H⋯π are present and these contacts stabilize hydrogen-bonded chains of molecules (Nayak et al., 2010). The analogous interactions can be found in the high-pressure structure reported here, although characterized by a different space group and unit cell. We revealed that at high pressure, BA crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with space group P2₁2₁2₁. In this structure, two independent molecules are connected alternately by hydrogen bonds, creating zigzag chains along the a axis (see Fig. 1).

Figure 1 Projections of crystal structures and selected molecules for BA and 2P, with dimer interactions marked.

2-Phenylethanol. According to our knowledge neither the low-temperature nor the high-pressure structure of 2P has been deposited in the Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) (Groom et al., 2016) before. However, there are deposited structures of solvates of 2P with other compounds (Galloway et al., 2012; Ou et al., 2022; Wenz et al., 2017; Kajiki et al., 2016). We report for the first time the structure of pure 2P obtained under a pressure of 0.72 GPa. This structure clearly differs from the one detected for BA (see Fig. 1). The 2P compound crystallizes in space group P2₁/c where molecules are organized in rows, and within a row molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds forming zigzag chains along the b axis.

3-Phenyl-1-propanol. In the case of 3P, there are many organometallic compounds in the CSD in which this molecule is coordinated to bigger organometallic moieties containing osmium or ruthenium (Miyaki et al., 2000; González-Fernández et al., 2019; Guo et al., 2021; Infante-Tadeo et al., 2021). We have determined for the first time the structure of pure 3P under a pressure of 0.66 GPa. It is worth noting that the sample does not crystallize immediately, but does so after approximately 30 minutes at a pressure of about 1 GPa. At ∼2 GPa, the sample does not crystallize at all even after an overnight incubation; instead, it most likely transitions into a glassy state. The 3P alcohol crystallizes in space group Cc with a large β angle, Fig. 2. Molecules are hydrogen-bonded, creating zigzag chains along the c axis. Interestingly, all chain-bonded molecules have the same orientation head-to-tail along the a axis.

Figure 2 Projections of crystal structures and selected molecules for 3P and 4P with dimer interactions marked.

4-Phenyl-1-butanol. Among the phenyl alcohols that were studied, 4P was the hardest to grow as a single crystal. In the CSD, we have found only one crystal structure, where 4P is coordinated to ruthenium (Tian et al., 2018). We report for the first time the crystal structure of pure 4P. In the structure, long molecules arranged next to each other create extended layers, which probably inhibit the easy growth of subsequent pairs of molecules along the a axis. There is a clear resemblance to the structure of 2P. In both structures, two hydrogen-bonded molecules are oriented in the direction of the long molecular axis, thus forming zigzags along the b axis (see Fig. 2). In 4P there are two independent molecules that alternate in every other zigzag. However, the experimental data for this compound are of low quality, so we cannot exclude the possibility that the 4P structure could be even more complicated.

2.2. Powder diffraction evidence for layered crystal packing

High-pressure synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction experiments (SR-PXD) were conducted for 2P and 4P. The two-dimensional powder patterns presented in Fig. 3 show that, at a pressure around 1 GPa, both alcohols exhibit a polycrystalline texture with high preferred orientation. Hence only Le Bail fitting was used, which successfully confirmed the structures obtained based on the SCXD measurements. The powder patterns measured on decompression indicate a more homogeneous polycrystalline form, albeit with a disordered and deformed structure. Owing to significant peak broadening and the incomplete powder sampling, structural refinement could not be performed. The raw integrated powder patterns obtained on decompression are displayed in the supporting information.

Figure 3 (Top) Powder diffraction patterns for 2P (left) and 4P (right) measured at the pressure point and on decompression (dec.). (Bottom) Powder diffraction Le Bail refinements, with the crystal planes seen on decompression images marked. The insets show projections of the crystal structures used to visualize an (h00) plane family.

The data measured on decompression show an important feature not seen at 1 GPa: characteristic Bragg peaks at low scattering angles. It is evident that in 2P the reflections at 2.4, 4.7 and 7° seen in the decompression image correspond to crystallographic planes (100), (200) and (300), respectively. In 4P Bragg peaks seen on decompression at 1.2, 2.4, 3.6 and 4.8° correspond to crystal planes (100), (200), (300) and (400), respectively. Fig. 3 shows 2D diffraction patterns as well as integrated 1D plots for 2P and 4P with characteristic Bragg peaks marked. These peaks are a fingerprint of crystal planes aligned along the molecules' longest axes, highlighted in insets in Fig. 3.

Simulated powder diffraction patterns for all phenyl compounds are presented in the supporting information. Notably, the Bragg peaks at low diffraction angles are characteristic only for 2P and 4P among the alcohols studied in the series. In comparison, the odd alcohols lack the long molecular axis arrangement. This clear evidence of layer packing of the even alcohols underlines the molecular alkyl chain length as an important factor in the organization of molecules in crystal structure.

2.3. Energetic hierarchy of layer, lattice and dimer interactions

Lattice energies, volumes and dimer energies, presented in Fig. 4, were calculated using periodic density functional theory (DFT) based on a series of optimizations performed at different pressures. The precise values are tabled in the supporting information. Interestingly, the lattice energy values are negative only at low pressures, up to ∼1.3 GPa. At higher pressures, the lattice energy becomes higher and unfavorable to bind a molecule in the system. Notably, at the lowest pressure point (0.6 GPa), the lattice energy (−40 kJ mol⁻¹) is only slightly negative compared with the calculated dimer energies. This can be explained by the coexistence of interactions with positive energies balanced by attractive forces. Additionally, for 2P and 4P, attachment energies of the (100) layer were calculated (see Fig. 3 and the supporting information for visualization). The values of energies between the layers (100) are significantly positive (see the star symbols in Fig. 4), showing that contacts of aromatic rings between the layers are repulsive. That is, the crystal structures must be stabilized by other attractive forces.

Figure 4 On the left, the volume per molecule obtained from DFT calculated models (solid, colored dots), experimentally obtained from SR-SCXD and SCXD (open circles with vertical lines) and SR-PXD (open triangles with horizontal lines), along with model lattice energies (solid, colored dots) and layer energies (colored stars). On the right, dimer energies calculated for optimized models, with assigned interaction types.

Three lowest energies of attractive interactions between dimers, which were found for each alcohol structure, are shown in Fig. 4. In every structure there are many such dimer equivalents, the interaction types of which are assigned and visualized in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Tables containing dimer energies, as well as interaction distances and angles, are provided in the supporting information. In all the alcohol crystal structures, the O—H⋯O hydrogen bond exhibits the lowest energy, hence it is the strongest dimer interaction in the system, with the lowest energy values observed for BA and 3P compared with the other alcohols. All dimer energies increase with increasing pressure, whereas interaction distances decrease due to higher density (see the supporting information). In BA, two independent molecules form hydrogen bonds with different energies (−27 and −37 kJ mol⁻¹), whereas in 4P, the two hydrogen bonds have nearly identical strength (−30 kJ mol⁻¹).

The next most attractive dimer interaction involves the aromatic rings, with comparable energies for interactions with methyl carbons (sp³)C—H⋯π in BA and 3P, and interactions with aromatic carbons (sp²)C—H⋯π in 2P and 4P. In 4P, four similar dimers with aromatic interactions exist and the one with the lowest energy marked with asterisk is presented in right-hand panel of Fig. 4. The weakest among calculated dimer interactions are methyl carbon with oxygen (sp³)C—H⋯O in 2P and (sp²)C—H⋯π in 3P. The three strongest dimer interactions described above determine the arrangement of molecules in crystal structures in a similar way in both even and odd alcohols. In the supporting information Hirshfeld surfaces calculated using CrystalExplorer (Spackman et al., 2021) are presented. The maps show that strong O⋯H attractive contacts, representing hydrogen bonds, are located near the hydroxyl groups of alcohol molecules, while C⋯H contacts are found near aromatic rings and hydroxyl groups, indicating weaker aromatic interactions. However, the per cent contribution from aromatic interactions is twice that for hydrogen bonding. In general, hydrogen bonds are the strongest interactions within individual dimer contacts, driving the molecules to form a zigzag chain. On the other hand, aromatic interactions contribute the most to the crystal lattice energy, playing a more stabilizing role in the crystal structure.

2.4. Conformational and compressibility relationships within the phenyl series

In each system investigated, the number of molecular conformations is equal to the number of independent molecules Z′ (see Table 1), which is 2, 1, 1 and 2 for BA, 2P, 3P and 4P, respectively. We did not observe any systematic changes of this value within the phenyl series. Instead, since each of these structures has a different space group, the number of conformations is related to the symmetry operations in each system. Analysis of the molecular conformations offers valuable insight into the organization of molecules within the crystal. The rigid aromatic ring has no possibility to bend, in contrast to other parts of molecule. On the contrary, the alkyl chain and hydroxyl group are easy to bend to adjust to intermolecular forces.

All molecular conformations observed in the crystal structures were compared with gas-phase conformations available at PubChem (Kim et al., 2013), and additionally, for BA, with the low-temperature crystal conformation (Nayak et al., 2010). The results (Fig. 5) show overlapping molecular geometries, with high-pressure conformations highlighted. The number of possible conformations increases proportionally with molecular size. Notably, the conformations observed under high pressure are not predicted among the computed gas-phase conformers. The conformations found for BA are similar, only differing in the degree of hydroxyl group bending. For 2P, a single conformer is observed in which the alkyl chain lies in the plane of the aromatic ring. In contrast, 3P adopts a conformer with the alkyl chain bent almost perpendicular to the aromatic ring, likely caused by stress at high pressure. In 4P, two conformers are present, both nearly planar with the aromatic ring, which look like mirror images of each other. A clear pattern is seen across the series of alcohols. In odd alcohols, the perpendicular hydroxyl group orientation enables the creation of (sp³)C—H⋯π interactions. In even alcohols, the long molecular axis aligned with the plane favors a layer arrangement.

Figure 5 On the left, molecular conformations of the studied phenyl alcohols: DFT optimized at 0.8 GPa (colored molecules) and in the gas phase (gray molecules, see main text for references). On the right, the pressure compressibility of the optimized structures calculated for the studied phenyl alcohols over the pressure range 0.6–2.5 GPa. Axis directions match the presented crystal projections, and the units of compressibility are arbitrary, showing the relative compression in every axis direction.

In Fig. 4 experimental molecular volumes obtained from SR-SCXD and SR-PXD (open symbols) are compared with optimized ones (solid symbols). All alcohols exhibit positive pressure compressibility, with molecular volumes increasing with the molecular mass of the compound. The optimized volumes are systematically smaller than the experimental values by up to 5%, due to the absence of thermal expansion in the calculations. Structural optimizations performed at pressures of 0.6, 0.8, 1.3, 2.0 and 2.5 GPa were used for strain analysis in PASCal (Cliffe & Goodwin, 2012; Lertkiattrakul et al., 2023). The resulting pressure compressibility tensors, visualized in Fig. 5, indicate that the directions of minimum compressibility align with the directions of hydrogen-bonded chains. In BA, where no clear separation between chains of hydrogen bonds is present, compressibility is more uniform in every direction. It is evident that hydrogen bonds, being the strongest interactions in the systems, govern the molecular organization under compression.

2.5. Similarities in structural organization ruled by alkyl chain length

Previous studies have documented odd–even effects in systems such as adducts of allylamine with alcohols (Prus et al., 2022) or alkanes (Boese et al., 1999; Dhiman et al., 2022; Yang et al., 2016). In short, the relatively higher melting points of even alkanes are explained as being a result of better packing than for odd members. Linear molecules of even alkanes have alternating up and down methyl groups, whereas for odd members all methyl groups are facing up or down. Therefore, less effective packing and a less dense system is observed for odd alkanes.

A similar odd–even effect is observed in the series of phenyl alcohols studied here. In Fig. 6 densities calculated at the same pressure point do not decrease monotonically with increasing molecular alkyl chain length. Instead, even compounds (2P and 4P) exhibit higher densities than odd counterparts (BA and 3P). This indicates more efficient molecular packing in even alcohols. In line with this observation, distinct features in structural organization are apparent between odd and even alcohols. In particular, 2P and 4P display closely related packing motifs of molecules organized within layers.

Figure 6 Densities calculated based on optimized systems at 0.6 GPa (left). Different high-pressure structures of alcohols and benzene (right), see main text for references. Literature structures that are similar to reported structures are marked with colored dots representing the investigated alcohol.

The high-pressure crystal structures reported here were compared with other published high-pressure structures. As illustrated in Fig. 6, the arrangement of aromatic rings in 3P resembles that observed in benzene at 0.15 GPa (Katrusiak et al., 2010), whereas the packing motifs in 2P and 4P are more similar to those found in benzene at 0.91 GPa (Katrusiak et al., 2010). Furthermore, the structure of phenol at 0.16 GPa (Allan et al., 2002), effectively an even alcohol, shows clear similarities in packing to those observed in 2P and 4P. Comparable motifs are also present in simple even alcohols, such as ethanol (Allan & Clark, 1999) (3 GPa) and n-butanol (Grelska et al., 2025) (2.44 GPa), which also crystallize in related space groups, P2₁/c or P2₁. In contrast, the crystal structures of odd alcohols are not well defined. For example, the n-propanol crystal structure is not reported in the CSD, which could explain the delayed crystallization and lower density observed for 3P. On the other hand, the odd alcohol methanol (Allan et al., 1998) (4 GPa) shares a similar asymmetric molecular arrangement with its phenyl analog BA.

3. Conclusions

Four new crystal structures of phenyl alcohols series were determined under high pressure. Out of those, three alcohols from the series, 2P, 3P and 4P, are the first known crystal structures of the pure compounds. All structures are characterized by the presence of hydrogen-bonded chains of molecules and stabilizing π-interactions. The crystallization was observed around 0.8 GPa for all the compounds, and structures at higher pressure points around 1.5 GPa were achieved for BA, 2P and 3P.

Energy calculations showed that these structures are not favorable above around 1.3 GPa. It seems that pressure is a key factor in inducing and maintaining crystallization of the phenyl alcohol series. Newly found structures have molecular conformations that have not been reported before. Among them, BA and 3P have the hydroxyl group bent relative to the aromatic ring, which can favor strong hydrogen-bonding interactions. The 2P and 4P conformations are more planar and the face-to-face arrangement of molecules may result in better optimized van der Waals interactions and, as a consequence, slightly weaker hydrogen bonds. The calculations indicate that hydrogen bonding is the strongest dimer interaction in all alcohol structures and aromatic forces have the biggest area of interaction per molecule. In BA and 3P, methyl carbon with aromatic ring interactions contribute to stabilization of the structures, whereas in 2P and 4P this role is played by interactions between the aromatic ring and aromatic protons.

Interestingly, the phenyl series structures exhibit an odd–even effect. The structures of 2P and 4P are denser and better packed compared with BA and 3P, respectively. Moreover, the two even structures have an analogous packing motif, which is also common for other structures of even alcohols found in the literature. This study shows some common features in the organization of molecules in the crystal forms of structurally related alcohols of the phenyl series. It provides a benchmark for predicting and characterizing other high-pressure structures in the future.

4. Methods

4.1. High-pressure SR-PXD

Liquid samples of 2-phenylethanol and 4-phenyl-1-butanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich with a purity of more than 99.5%. High-pressure powder X-ray diffraction measurements of 4P in a diamond anvil cell (DAC) were performed using the ID15B beamline at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) in Grenoble, France. The incident beam wavelength was 0.411 Å. The preparation procedure and equipment parameters are analogous to those described in an earlier paper (Grelska et al., 2025).

High-pressure powder X-ray diffraction measurements of 2P in a DAC were carried out on the 16-BM-D beamline at the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, USA. The incident beam wavelength was 0.619 Å. The preparation procedure and equipment parameters are analogous to those described in an earlier paper (Grelska et al., 2024).

Both samples were placed as liquids in the DACs and pressurized using a membrane cell. Powder diffraction patterns were collected after crystallization occurred and also during decompression. Angular integration of two-dimensional diffraction patterns was performed using Dioptas (Prescher & Prakapenka, 2015) and analysis of powder diffraction data was performed using Jana2020 software (Petříček et al., 2023) in profile matching mode due to significant preferred orientation in the measured data.

4.2. High-pressure SCXD

Liquid samples of benzyl alcohol, 2-phenylethanol, 3-phenylpropanol and 4-phenyl-1-butanol were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich with a purity of more than 99.5%. All single-crystal experiments were performed using DACs built according to the Merrill and Bassett design and conducted at room temperature.

The procedure of crystallization was the same for all four alcohols. Firstly, liquid alcohol and some ruby chips (used to determine the pressure) were loaded into the DAC, and the pressure was manually increased to the point when crystallization to the polycrystalline form occurred. In the next step, the whole DAC was slowly heated using a heat gun. As the temperature inside the pressure chamber approached the melting point of the existing solid phase of the investigated alcohol, the polycrystalline form started melting. When there was only one unmelted crystallite left in the pressure chamber, the DAC was slowly cooled. Sometimes it was possible that only one single crystal grew until it filled the whole pressure chamber. Otherwise, a few single crystals grew in the chamber. After the sample reached room temperature, the pressure inside the DAC was checked by measuring the position of the fluorescence lines of ruby; the pressure uncertainty was 0.03 GPa. Crystal growth images taken under a microscope are shown in the supporting information.

Diffrcation data for samples prepared in this way were measured on an in-house diffractometer with a wavelength of 0.71073 Å. The CrysAlis PRO program (version 1.171.36.32, Agilent Technologies UK Ltd) was used for the data collection and their further reduction. The structures were solved by direct methods using ShelXS (Sheldrick, 2008) and refined with ShelXL (Sheldrick, 2015) within the Olex2 suite (Dolomanov et al., 2009). Owing to the better quality of data measured at the synchrotron sources for BA, 2P and 3P, only the data for 4P measured on the in-house diffractometer are presented in Table 1 and in the supporting information.

4.3. High-pressure SR-SCXD

Additionally, data from the single crystals that were grown in DACs were measured using synchrotron radiation on beamline ID27 at the ESRF, Grenoble, France. The incident beam wavelength was 0.22292 Å. The samples of BA, 2P and 3P were measured at their crystallization points and at a manually increased pressure of around 1.5 GPa. Structural data for these compounds are presented in Table 1 and in the supporting information.

4.4. DFT calculations

In order to assess the relative stability of the crystal forms of the investigated alcohols with pressure and establish the hierarchy of intermolecular interactions, quantum-chemical calculations were carried out using the CRYSTAL23 (Erba et al., 2023) DFT code dedicated for periodic systems and utilizing Gaussian-orbital atomic basis sets. Calculations were performed using the B3LYP-D* method, in which B3LYP is augmented with an empirical dispersion term (Civalleri et al., 2008; Grimme et al., 2010), and Ahlrichs-VTZP basis sets (Peintinger et al., 2013) dedicated for solid-state systems. TOLINTEG was set to 10 10 10 10 30 and SHRINK to 8 8.

Optimizations of the alcohol crystal structures were started from experimental high pressure SCXD geometries, measured around 0.8 GPa. The symmetry of each crystal structure was maintained during the optimization process. A full relaxation of both lattice parameters and atomic coordinates by means of analytical energy gradients was applied. In each case, a sequence of five periodic optimizations was performed with external pressures set to 0.6, 0.8, 1.3, 2.0 and 2.5 GPa. The resulting crystal structures were used for further lattice energy, dimer interaction energy and layer attachment energy calculations; see the details in the supporting information.

Supporting information

Link https://doi.org/10.15151/ESRF-ES-594732406
Data from beamline ID15B

Link https://doi.org/10.15151/ESRF-ES-2248519405
Data from beamline ID27

Computing details

(BA2_10GPa)

Crystal data

C7H8O	Dx = 1.368 Mg m^−3
Mr = 108.13	Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.22292 Å
Orthorhombic, P212121	Cell parameters from 1043 reflections
a = 4.6250 (5) Å	θ = 1.6–18.7°
b = 14.718 (2) Å	µ = 0.03 mm^−1
c = 15.427 (10) Å	T = 293 K
V = 1050.1 (7) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 8	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm
F(000) = 464

Data collection

Esperanto-CrysAlisPro-abstract goniometer imported esperanto images diffractometer	9587 independent reflections
Radiation source: synchrotron	2129 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Synchrotron monochromator	Rint = 0.053
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 21.7°, θmin = 1.5°
ω scans	h = −11→12
Absorption correction: multi-scan CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.105a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2024) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.	k = −34→41
Tmin = 0.101, Tmax = 1.000	l = −20→16
18217 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: full	All H-atom parameters refined
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.073	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0981P)^2] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
wR(F^2) = 0.267	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
S = 0.88	Δρmax = 0.18 e Å^−3
9587 reflections	Δρmin = −0.17 e Å^−3
209 parameters	Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 643 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
14 restraints	Absolute structure parameter: 10.0 (10)
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O2	−0.3011 (3)	1.04528 (11)	0.6599 (2)	0.0400 (9)
O1	0.2000 (3)	0.96024 (11)	0.6853 (2)	0.0381 (9)
C6	−0.1063 (4)	0.84255 (12)	0.5076 (3)	0.0376 (13)
C2	0.2307 (4)	0.96439 (15)	0.4887 (3)	0.0395 (15)
C1	0.1138 (3)	0.89661 (12)	0.5419 (3)	0.0290 (11)
C12	0.1425 (4)	1.34196 (16)	0.6268 (3)	0.0417 (16)
C9	0.1020 (4)	1.17887 (12)	0.7143 (3)	0.0316 (12)
C14	−0.2572 (4)	1.11953 (17)	0.6042 (3)	0.0420 (13)
C11	0.3112 (4)	1.32733 (13)	0.6983 (3)	0.0357 (13)
C3	0.1344 (4)	0.97847 (17)	0.4062 (4)	0.0423 (16)
C8	−0.0627 (3)	1.19197 (13)	0.6411 (3)	0.0340 (11)
C5	−0.2052 (5)	0.85798 (17)	0.4233 (4)	0.0438 (16)
C7	0.2248 (4)	0.88121 (14)	0.6328 (3)	0.0338 (13)
C10	0.2909 (4)	1.24587 (14)	0.7440 (3)	0.0361 (13)
C4	−0.0861 (5)	0.92498 (18)	0.3715 (4)	0.0409 (16)
C13	−0.0426 (4)	1.27468 (16)	0.5964 (4)	0.0428 (15)
H2	−0.147 (7)	1.015 (3)	0.674 (7)	0.062 (11)*
H2A	0.394 (7)	1.005 (3)	0.521 (5)	0.065 (11)*
H13	−0.145 (10)	1.279 (5)	0.533 (2)	0.083 (16)*
H10	0.424 (7)	1.239 (3)	0.802 (2)	0.052 (9)*
H12	0.168 (6)	1.395 (3)	0.579 (3)	0.050 (9)*
H9	0.098 (8)	1.118 (3)	0.754 (4)	0.072 (12)*
H6	−0.184 (8)	0.793 (4)	0.553 (5)	0.086 (16)*
H4	−0.154 (8)	0.933 (3)	0.3043 (19)	0.060 (12)*
H1	0.343 (5)	0.994 (2)	0.680 (5)	0.032 (6)*
H3	0.210 (9)	1.032 (4)	0.363 (5)	0.084 (14)*
H11	0.453 (7)	1.382 (2)	0.720 (5)	0.060 (10)*
H7A	0.449 (5)	0.864 (3)	0.636 (7)	0.057 (10)*
H14A	−0.170 (6)	1.099 (3)	0.543 (2)	0.046 (9)*
H7B	0.111 (7)	0.833 (3)	0.670 (4)	0.059 (10)*
H14B	−0.466 (5)	1.149 (3)	0.606 (7)	0.062 (11)*
H5	−0.376 (10)	0.819 (4)	0.395 (7)	0.090 (16)*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O2	0.0367 (5)	0.0495 (6)	0.034 (3)	−0.0060 (4)	0.0000 (6)	−0.0002 (10)
O1	0.0390 (5)	0.0454 (6)	0.030 (3)	−0.0034 (4)	−0.0013 (7)	0.0007 (10)
C6	0.0429 (7)	0.0396 (6)	0.030 (4)	−0.0017 (5)	−0.0002 (9)	0.0003 (11)
C2	0.0482 (8)	0.0480 (8)	0.022 (5)	−0.0088 (6)	−0.0054 (10)	0.0089 (13)
C1	0.0416 (6)	0.0376 (6)	0.008 (4)	0.0009 (4)	−0.0008 (7)	0.0020 (9)
C12	0.0510 (9)	0.0456 (8)	0.028 (5)	−0.0048 (6)	−0.0025 (11)	0.0047 (14)
C9	0.0430 (7)	0.0400 (6)	0.012 (4)	0.0000 (5)	−0.0019 (8)	−0.0043 (9)
C14	0.0398 (7)	0.0534 (9)	0.033 (5)	−0.0090 (6)	−0.0024 (9)	−0.0052 (15)
C11	0.0502 (8)	0.0435 (7)	0.013 (4)	−0.0058 (5)	−0.0019 (10)	−0.0054 (12)
C3	0.0515 (9)	0.0500 (9)	0.025 (5)	−0.0031 (6)	−0.0017 (11)	0.0092 (14)
C8	0.0314 (5)	0.0442 (7)	0.026 (4)	−0.0007 (4)	0.0018 (6)	−0.0034 (11)
C5	0.0518 (8)	0.0479 (9)	0.032 (5)	−0.0026 (6)	−0.0075 (13)	−0.0065 (14)
C7	0.0513 (8)	0.0406 (7)	0.009 (4)	0.0022 (5)	−0.0022 (10)	0.0019 (11)
C10	0.0481 (8)	0.0434 (7)	0.017 (4)	−0.0016 (5)	−0.0061 (10)	−0.0058 (12)
C4	0.0546 (10)	0.0519 (9)	0.016 (5)	0.0048 (7)	−0.0061 (11)	−0.0051 (15)
C13	0.0426 (7)	0.0496 (9)	0.036 (5)	−0.0030 (6)	−0.0048 (9)	0.0062 (14)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O2—C14	1.405 (4)	C9—H9	1.09 (2)
O2—H2	0.87 (5)	C14—C8	1.507 (3)
O1—C7	1.422 (4)	C14—H14A	1.07 (2)
O1—H1	0.83 (3)	C14—H14B	1.06 (2)
C6—C1	1.396 (3)	C11—C10	1.394 (4)
C6—C5	1.397 (7)	C11—H11	1.09 (2)
C6—H6	1.08 (2)	C3—C4	1.395 (4)
C2—C1	1.401 (4)	C3—H3	1.08 (2)
C2—C3	1.364 (8)	C8—C13	1.402 (4)
C2—H2A	1.08 (2)	C5—C4	1.384 (6)
C1—C7	1.510 (6)	C5—H5	1.07 (2)
C12—C11	1.368 (6)	C7—H7A	1.07 (2)
C12—C13	1.391 (4)	C7—H7B	1.06 (2)
C12—H12	1.08 (2)	C10—H10	1.10 (2)
C9—C8	1.376 (5)	C4—H4	1.09 (3)
C9—C10	1.395 (3)	C13—H13	1.10 (3)
C14—O2—H2	116 (4)	C10—C11—H11	121 (4)
C7—O1—H1	111 (4)	C2—C3—C4	120.7 (4)
C1—C6—C5	119.9 (3)	C2—C3—H3	125 (4)
C1—C6—H6	113 (4)	C4—C3—H3	114 (4)
C5—C6—H6	127 (4)	C9—C8—C14	122.8 (2)
C1—C2—H2A	113 (4)	C9—C8—C13	119.3 (2)
C3—C2—C1	121.9 (2)	C13—C8—C14	117.9 (3)
C3—C2—H2A	125 (4)	C6—C5—H5	123 (6)
C6—C1—C2	117.7 (4)	C4—C5—C6	121.6 (3)
C6—C1—C7	120.9 (3)	C4—C5—H5	116 (6)
C2—C1—C7	121.3 (2)	O1—C7—C1	112.2 (2)
C11—C12—C13	120.7 (3)	O1—C7—H7A	104 (4)
C11—C12—H12	127 (2)	O1—C7—H7B	101 (3)
C13—C12—H12	111 (3)	C1—C7—H7A	114 (5)
C8—C9—C10	121.1 (3)	C1—C7—H7B	116 (3)
C8—C9—H9	125 (3)	H7A—C7—H7B	107 (4)
C10—C9—H9	114 (3)	C9—C10—H10	124 (2)
O2—C14—C8	113.9 (3)	C11—C10—C9	119.0 (4)
O2—C14—H14A	112 (2)	C11—C10—H10	117 (2)
O2—C14—H14B	100 (4)	C3—C4—H4	121 (2)
C8—C14—H14A	108.1 (19)	C5—C4—C3	118.1 (5)
C8—C14—H14B	104 (3)	C5—C4—H4	121 (2)
H14A—C14—H14B	119 (7)	C12—C13—C8	119.5 (4)
C12—C11—C10	120.3 (2)	C12—C13—H13	122 (4)
C12—C11—H11	118 (4)	C8—C13—H13	118 (4)
O2—C14—C8—C9	12.3 (4)	C14—C8—C13—C12	−177.7 (3)
O2—C14—C8—C13	−170.2 (2)	C11—C12—C13—C8	1.9 (6)
C6—C1—C7—O1	−122.7 (2)	C3—C2—C1—C6	0.4 (4)
C6—C5—C4—C3	−1.1 (5)	C3—C2—C1—C7	179.4 (3)
C2—C1—C7—O1	58.4 (3)	C8—C9—C10—C11	0.1 (5)
C2—C3—C4—C5	0.5 (5)	C5—C6—C1—C2	−0.9 (4)
C1—C6—C5—C4	1.3 (5)	C5—C6—C1—C7	−179.9 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.2 (5)	C10—C9—C8—C14	176.6 (3)
C12—C11—C10—C9	1.7 (5)	C10—C9—C8—C13	−0.8 (4)
C9—C8—C13—C12	−0.2 (5)	C13—C12—C11—C10	−2.7 (6)

(BA0_68GPa)

Crystal data

C7H8O	Dx = 1.291 Mg m^−3
Mr = 108.43	Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.22292 Å
Orthorhombic, P212121	Cell parameters from 875 reflections
a = 4.6857 (3) Å	θ = 2.2–17.2°
b = 14.9017 (12) Å	µ = 0.03 mm^−1
c = 15.975 (9) Å	T = 293 K
V = 1115.5 (6) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 8	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm
F(000) = 465

Data collection

Esperanto-CrysAlisPro-abstract goniometer imported esperanto images diffractometer	10138 independent reflections
Radiation source: synchrotron	2229 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Synchrotron monochromator	Rint = 0.036
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 21.7°, θmin = 1.6°
ω scans	h = −13→15
Absorption correction: multi-scan CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.105a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2024) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.	k = −48→43
Tmin = 0.012, Tmax = 1.000	l = −18→15
18449 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map
Least-squares matrix: full	All H-atom parameters refined
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.056	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0634P)^2] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
wR(F^2) = 0.198	(Δ/σ)max = 0.001
S = 0.85	Δρmax = 0.11 e Å^−3
10138 reflections	Δρmin = −0.10 e Å^−3
209 parameters	Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 685 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
0 restraints	Absolute structure parameter: 10.0 (10)
Primary atom site location: dual

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O2	−0.29932 (19)	1.05018 (6)	0.66477 (15)	0.0503 (9)
O1	0.20111 (19)	0.96414 (6)	0.67983 (15)	0.0466 (8)
C6	−0.0830 (3)	0.84640 (8)	0.5063 (2)	0.0479 (11)
C2	0.2468 (4)	0.96719 (9)	0.4891 (2)	0.0509 (12)
C1	0.1295 (3)	0.90049 (6)	0.54091 (17)	0.0404 (9)
C12	0.1758 (4)	1.33715 (9)	0.6249 (2)	0.0526 (12)
C9	0.0892 (3)	1.18387 (7)	0.7177 (2)	0.0430 (10)
C14	−0.2572 (3)	1.12353 (10)	0.6099 (2)	0.0495 (12)
C11	0.3225 (3)	1.32653 (7)	0.6977 (2)	0.0502 (11)
C3	0.1581 (4)	0.97940 (10)	0.4089 (3)	0.0554 (14)
C8	−0.0549 (2)	1.19392 (7)	0.64433 (18)	0.0401 (9)
C5	−0.1731 (4)	0.85856 (9)	0.4245 (3)	0.0544 (14)
C7	0.2327 (3)	0.88676 (8)	0.6280 (2)	0.0461 (10)
C10	0.2807 (4)	1.24959 (8)	0.7471 (2)	0.0488 (11)
C4	−0.0521 (4)	0.92503 (10)	0.3745 (3)	0.0540 (14)
C13	−0.0123 (3)	1.27165 (10)	0.5948 (2)	0.0474 (12)
H2	−0.158 (5)	1.0250 (12)	0.675 (3)	0.054 (5)*
H13	−0.119 (6)	1.2771 (13)	0.527 (4)	0.064 (6)*
H9	0.078 (5)	1.1266 (12)	0.754 (3)	0.057 (6)*
H14A	−0.196 (6)	1.1010 (14)	0.548 (4)	0.068 (7)*
H3	0.236 (7)	1.0278 (17)	0.371 (5)	0.088 (9)*
H11	0.465 (7)	1.3725 (15)	0.720 (5)	0.084 (8)*
H10	0.402 (6)	1.2428 (14)	0.802 (4)	0.070 (7)*
H7A	0.458 (6)	0.8684 (16)	0.625 (4)	0.076 (8)*
H2A	0.415 (6)	1.0047 (14)	0.513 (4)	0.079 (7)*
H14B	−0.450 (5)	1.1511 (13)	0.597 (3)	0.058 (5)*
H1	0.347 (5)	0.9958 (12)	0.674 (3)	0.054 (5)*
H12	0.191 (6)	1.3909 (15)	0.579 (5)	0.085 (8)*
H6	−0.164 (6)	0.7990 (13)	0.543 (4)	0.070 (7)*
H7B	0.131 (7)	0.8397 (18)	0.652 (5)	0.092 (10)*
H5	−0.326 (8)	0.821 (2)	0.398 (5)	0.106 (11)*
H4	−0.118 (5)	0.9347 (13)	0.312 (3)	0.056 (6)*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O2	0.0411 (3)	0.0534 (4)	0.056 (3)	−0.0061 (3)	0.0014 (6)	−0.0004 (6)
O1	0.0449 (4)	0.0505 (4)	0.044 (3)	−0.0031 (3)	−0.0008 (6)	−0.0022 (5)
C6	0.0521 (6)	0.0434 (5)	0.048 (4)	−0.0036 (4)	−0.0018 (10)	−0.0016 (7)
C2	0.0585 (6)	0.0528 (5)	0.041 (4)	−0.0110 (5)	−0.0094 (11)	0.0096 (8)
C1	0.0481 (5)	0.0385 (4)	0.034 (3)	0.0028 (3)	−0.0005 (8)	−0.0008 (5)
C12	0.0632 (7)	0.0509 (5)	0.044 (4)	−0.0071 (5)	0.0002 (11)	0.0074 (8)
C9	0.0499 (5)	0.0443 (4)	0.035 (3)	−0.0018 (4)	−0.0016 (8)	0.0002 (6)
C14	0.0445 (5)	0.0601 (6)	0.044 (4)	−0.0086 (4)	−0.0041 (9)	−0.0031 (8)
C11	0.0610 (6)	0.0461 (5)	0.043 (4)	−0.0082 (4)	−0.0041 (11)	−0.0032 (7)
C3	0.0604 (7)	0.0563 (6)	0.049 (5)	−0.0020 (5)	−0.0016 (13)	0.0081 (9)
C8	0.0359 (4)	0.0478 (4)	0.036 (3)	−0.0011 (3)	0.0038 (6)	−0.0034 (6)
C5	0.0630 (7)	0.0555 (6)	0.045 (5)	−0.0043 (5)	−0.0092 (13)	−0.0079 (9)
C7	0.0606 (6)	0.0440 (4)	0.034 (3)	0.0028 (4)	−0.0050 (10)	0.0034 (6)
C10	0.0603 (7)	0.0471 (5)	0.039 (4)	−0.0038 (4)	−0.0069 (10)	−0.0038 (7)
C4	0.0648 (8)	0.0575 (7)	0.040 (5)	0.0081 (5)	−0.0115 (13)	−0.0052 (9)
C13	0.0515 (6)	0.0590 (6)	0.032 (4)	−0.0049 (5)	−0.0048 (10)	0.0068 (8)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O2—C14	1.415 (3)	C9—H9	1.03 (3)
O2—H2	0.78 (3)	C14—C8	1.517 (2)
O1—C7	1.427 (3)	C14—H14A	1.09 (6)
O1—H1	0.84 (2)	C14—H14B	1.02 (3)
C6—C1	1.395 (2)	C11—C10	1.405 (3)
C6—C5	1.386 (5)	C11—H11	1.02 (4)
C6—H6	1.00 (4)	C3—C4	1.389 (3)
C2—C1	1.405 (3)	C3—H3	1.01 (5)
C2—C3	1.360 (5)	C8—C13	1.417 (3)
C2—H2A	1.04 (3)	C5—C4	1.393 (4)
C1—C7	1.487 (4)	C5—H5	1.00 (5)
C12—C11	1.360 (5)	C7—H7A	1.09 (3)
C12—C13	1.400 (3)	C7—H7B	0.93 (4)
C12—H12	1.09 (6)	C10—H10	1.05 (5)
C9—C8	1.360 (4)	C4—H4	1.06 (5)
C9—C10	1.409 (2)	C13—H13	1.19 (6)
C14—O2—H2	112 (2)	C10—C11—H11	117 (4)
C7—O1—H1	108 (2)	C2—C3—C4	120.8 (2)
C1—C6—H6	117 (3)	C2—C3—H3	123 (4)
C5—C6—C1	121.0 (2)	C4—C3—H3	116 (4)
C5—C6—H6	122 (3)	C9—C8—C14	123.10 (18)
C1—C2—H2A	118 (3)	C9—C8—C13	120.04 (16)
C3—C2—C1	121.99 (18)	C13—C8—C14	116.8 (2)
C3—C2—H2A	120 (3)	C6—C5—C4	120.7 (2)
C6—C1—C2	117.1 (3)	C6—C5—H5	123 (4)
C6—C1—C7	121.54 (18)	C4—C5—H5	117 (4)
C2—C1—C7	121.37 (17)	O1—C7—C1	113.44 (13)
C11—C12—C13	122.0 (2)	O1—C7—H7A	109 (3)
C11—C12—H12	129 (3)	O1—C7—H7B	108 (4)
C13—C12—H12	109 (3)	C1—C7—H7A	108 (4)
C8—C9—C10	121.80 (18)	C1—C7—H7B	109 (4)
C8—C9—H9	123 (2)	H7A—C7—H7B	109 (3)
C10—C9—H9	115 (2)	C9—C10—H10	123.8 (13)
O2—C14—C8	113.4 (3)	C11—C10—C9	117.9 (3)
O2—C14—H14A	111.3 (16)	C11—C10—H10	118.2 (14)
O2—C14—H14B	109 (2)	C3—C4—C5	118.5 (3)
C8—C14—H14A	112.4 (14)	C3—C4—H4	120.2 (12)
C8—C14—H14B	110.6 (14)	C5—C4—H4	121.3 (12)
H14A—C14—H14B	100 (3)	C12—C13—C8	117.9 (3)
C12—C11—C10	120.28 (16)	C12—C13—H13	121.9 (11)
C12—C11—H11	123 (4)	C8—C13—H13	120.0 (10)
O2—C14—C8—C9	5.0 (3)	C14—C8—C13—C12	−179.37 (19)
O2—C14—C8—C13	−177.04 (16)	C11—C12—C13—C8	2.2 (4)
C6—C1—C7—O1	−122.00 (15)	C3—C2—C1—C6	0.3 (3)
C6—C5—C4—C3	−0.8 (3)	C3—C2—C1—C7	178.8 (2)
C2—C1—C7—O1	59.6 (2)	C8—C9—C10—C11	−0.7 (3)
C2—C3—C4—C5	0.9 (3)	C5—C6—C1—C2	−0.1 (3)
C1—C6—C5—C4	0.3 (3)	C5—C6—C1—C7	−178.57 (17)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.7 (4)	C10—C9—C8—C14	178.54 (19)
C12—C11—C10—C9	1.5 (3)	C10—C9—C8—C13	0.6 (3)
C9—C8—C13—C12	−1.3 (3)	C13—C12—C11—C10	−2.4 (4)

(4P0_4GPa)

Crystal data

C10H14O	F(000) = 328
Mr = 150.21	Dx = 1.190 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, P21	Mo Kα radiation, λ = 0.71073 Å
a = 19.741 (14) Å	Cell parameters from 1466 reflections
b = 5.2122 (4) Å	θ = 4.0–27.3°
c = 8.154 (2) Å	µ = 0.08 mm^−1
β = 91.90 (5)°	T = 293 K
V = 838.5 (7) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 4	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm

Data collection

SuperNova, Single source at offset/far, Eos diffractometer	1504 independent reflections
Radiation source: micro-focus sealed X-ray tube, SuperNova (Mo) X-ray Source	888 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Mirror monochromator	Rint = 0.048
Detector resolution: 16.0026 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 31.2°, θmin = 2.7°
ω scans	h = −17→16
Absorption correction: multi-scan CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.105a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2024) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.	k = −7→7
Tmin = 0.500, Tmax = 1.000	l = −9→10
3327 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Hydrogen site location: inferred from neighbouring sites
Least-squares matrix: full	H-atom parameters constrained
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.129	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.2P)^2] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
wR(F^2) = 0.383	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
S = 1.24	Δρmax = 0.56 e Å^−3
1504 reflections	Δρmin = −0.27 e Å^−3
88 parameters	Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 236 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
44 restraints	Absolute structure parameter: −3.4 (10)

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O1	−0.4812 (14)	−0.576 (2)	0.022 (3)	0.094 (4)*
H1	−0.496807	−0.720144	0.004914	0.141*
O2	−0.473749	−0.041553	−0.466089	0.096 (4)*
H2A	−0.491120	−0.183424	−0.478553	0.144*
C1	−0.2027 (9)	−0.103 (3)	0.3152 (16)	0.031 (2)*
C2	−0.1761 (11)	0.088 (3)	0.4187 (14)	0.034 (2)*
H2	−0.205300	0.214670	0.454825	0.041*
C3	−0.1118 (11)	0.099 (3)	0.4679 (19)	0.060 (4)*
H3	−0.096187	0.230575	0.536311	0.072*
C4	−0.0668 (10)	−0.094 (3)	0.4146 (19)	0.055 (3)*
H4	−0.021526	−0.092999	0.450012	0.066*
C5	−0.0904 (10)	−0.280 (3)	0.3117 (15)	0.034 (2)*
H5	−0.060198	−0.401013	0.272534	0.041*
C6	−0.1585 (10)	−0.296 (3)	0.2631 (15)	0.034 (2)*
H6	−0.174370	−0.431323	0.197894	0.041*
C7	−0.2724 (12)	−0.114 (3)	0.258 (2)	0.049 (3)*
H7A	−0.275332	−0.018990	0.155691	0.059*
H7B	−0.298396	−0.018135	0.336222	0.059*
C8	−0.3100 (13)	−0.367 (3)	0.228 (2)	0.066 (4)*
H8A	−0.283933	−0.470540	0.153764	0.079*
H8B	−0.311903	−0.458445	0.330888	0.079*
C9	−0.3814 (13)	−0.340 (3)	0.156 (2)	0.061 (3)*
H9A	−0.380170	−0.239680	0.056044	0.073*
H9B	−0.408638	−0.247439	0.233051	0.073*
C10	−0.4154 (11)	−0.598 (3)	0.117 (2)	0.036 (3)*
H10A	−0.384600	−0.701896	0.055216	0.043*
H10B	−0.423374	−0.685965	0.219311	0.043*
C11	−0.2019 (10)	0.416 (3)	−0.1896 (16)	0.034 (3)*
C12	−0.1541 (11)	0.593 (3)	−0.2373 (16)	0.045 (3)*
H12	−0.168236	0.723718	−0.308053	0.054*
C13	−0.0888 (12)	0.587 (3)	−0.1872 (16)	0.057 (4)*
H13	−0.058679	0.710550	−0.223095	0.068*
C14	−0.0664 (9)	0.393 (3)	−0.0807 (17)	0.044 (3)*
H14	−0.021329	0.384340	−0.044315	0.053*
C15	−0.1125 (11)	0.216 (3)	−0.0311 (17)	0.036 (3)*
H15	−0.098042	0.087546	0.041085	0.044*
C16	−0.1796 (12)	0.220 (3)	−0.0837 (17)	0.051 (3)*
H16	−0.209486	0.095187	−0.049248	0.062*
C17	−0.2736 (11)	0.415 (3)	−0.2400 (19)	0.040 (3)*
H17A	−0.278008	0.510578	−0.341918	0.048*
H17B	−0.297705	0.510972	−0.158367	0.048*
C18	−0.3110 (13)	0.159 (3)	−0.266 (2)	0.067 (4)*
H18A	−0.283628	0.045824	−0.331605	0.080*
H18B	−0.316820	0.076907	−0.160597	0.080*
C19	−0.3808 (13)	0.195 (3)	−0.352 (2)	0.061 (3)*
H19A	−0.374990	0.281518	−0.456504	0.074*
H19B	−0.408521	0.304019	−0.285402	0.074*
C20	−0.4178 (15)	−0.064 (4)	−0.384 (3)	0.070 (5)*
H20A	−0.388146	−0.177678	−0.442048	0.084*
H20B	−0.426777	−0.142733	−0.278817	0.084*

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—H1	0.8200	C10—H10A	0.9700
O1—C10	1.50 (3)	C10—H10B	0.9700
O2—H2A	0.8200	C11—C12	1.386 (15)
O2—C20	1.28 (3)	C11—C16	1.396 (19)
C1—C2	1.397 (16)	C11—C17	1.46 (3)
C1—C6	1.408 (15)	C12—H12	0.9300
C1—C7	1.44 (3)	C12—C13	1.34 (3)
C2—H2	0.9300	C13—H13	0.9300
C2—C3	1.32 (3)	C13—C14	1.395 (17)
C3—H3	0.9300	C14—H14	0.9300
C3—C4	1.420 (16)	C14—C15	1.366 (16)
C4—H4	0.9300	C15—H15	0.9300
C4—C5	1.355 (19)	C15—C16	1.379 (19)
C5—H5	0.9300	C16—H16	0.9300
C5—C6	1.391 (19)	C17—H17A	0.9700
C6—H6	0.9300	C17—H17B	0.9700
C7—H7A	0.9700	C17—C18	1.538 (18)
C7—H7B	0.9700	C18—H18A	0.9700
C7—C8	1.528 (19)	C18—H18B	0.9700
C8—H8A	0.9700	C18—C19	1.54 (3)
C8—H8B	0.9700	C19—H19A	0.9700
C8—C9	1.51 (3)	C19—H19B	0.9700
C9—H9A	0.9700	C19—C20	1.553 (19)
C9—H9B	0.9700	C20—H20A	0.9700
C9—C10	1.528 (17)	C20—H20B	0.9700
C10—O1—H1	109.5	H10A—C10—H10B	107.6
C20—O2—H2A	109.5	C12—C11—C16	117.1 (17)
C2—C1—C6	118.0 (16)	C12—C11—C17	125.8 (14)
C2—C1—C7	124.0 (11)	C16—C11—C17	117.1 (12)
C6—C1—C7	118.0 (13)	C11—C12—H12	118.1
C1—C2—H2	118.2	C13—C12—C11	123.8 (15)
C3—C2—C1	123.5 (13)	C13—C12—H12	118.1
C3—C2—H2	118.2	C12—C13—H13	120.4
C2—C3—H3	120.6	C12—C13—C14	119.2 (14)
C2—C3—C4	118.8 (15)	C14—C13—H13	120.4
C4—C3—H3	120.6	C13—C14—H14	120.9
C3—C4—H4	120.3	C15—C14—C13	118.3 (15)
C5—C4—C3	119.5 (17)	C15—C14—H14	120.9
C5—C4—H4	120.3	C14—C15—H15	118.7
C4—C5—H5	119.1	C14—C15—C16	122.6 (13)
C4—C5—C6	121.9 (12)	C16—C15—H15	118.7
C6—C5—H5	119.1	C11—C16—H16	120.5
C1—C6—H6	120.9	C15—C16—C11	119.0 (13)
C5—C6—C1	118.3 (13)	C15—C16—H16	120.5
C5—C6—H6	120.9	C11—C17—H17A	107.4
C1—C7—H7A	106.7	C11—C17—H17B	107.4
C1—C7—H7B	106.7	C11—C17—C18	119.7 (14)
C1—C7—C8	122.7 (15)	H17A—C17—H17B	106.9
H7A—C7—H7B	106.6	C18—C17—H17A	107.4
C8—C7—H7A	106.7	C18—C17—H17B	107.4
C8—C7—H7B	106.7	C17—C18—H18A	109.2
C7—C8—H8A	108.5	C17—C18—H18B	109.2
C7—C8—H8B	108.5	H18A—C18—H18B	107.9
H8A—C8—H8B	107.5	C19—C18—C17	111.9 (14)
C9—C8—C7	115.1 (14)	C19—C18—H18A	109.2
C9—C8—H8A	108.5	C19—C18—H18B	109.2
C9—C8—H8B	108.5	C18—C19—H19A	109.2
C8—C9—H9A	108.9	C18—C19—H19B	109.2
C8—C9—H9B	108.9	C18—C19—C20	112.1 (16)
C8—C9—C10	113.4 (15)	H19A—C19—H19B	107.9
H9A—C9—H9B	107.7	C20—C19—H19A	109.2
C10—C9—H9A	108.9	C20—C19—H19B	109.2
C10—C9—H9B	108.9	O2—C20—C19	113.6 (19)
O1—C10—C9	114.3 (15)	O2—C20—H20A	108.8
O1—C10—H10A	108.7	O2—C20—H20B	108.8
O1—C10—H10B	108.7	C19—C20—H20A	108.8
C9—C10—H10A	108.7	C19—C20—H20B	108.8
C9—C10—H10B	108.7	H20A—C20—H20B	107.7
C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.5 (6)	C11—C12—C13—C14	−0.2 (6)
C1—C7—C8—C9	−175.8 (12)	C11—C17—C18—C19	−168.1 (11)
C2—C1—C6—C5	−2.7 (10)	C12—C11—C16—C15	0.9 (10)
C2—C1—C7—C8	−146.5 (10)	C12—C11—C17—C18	145.3 (10)
C2—C3—C4—C5	1.6 (11)	C12—C13—C14—C15	−0.1 (11)
C3—C4—C5—C6	−3.5 (13)	C13—C14—C15—C16	0.8 (13)
C4—C5—C6—C1	4.0 (12)	C14—C15—C16—C11	−1.2 (14)
C6—C1—C2—C3	1.0 (5)	C16—C11—C12—C13	−0.2 (6)
C6—C1—C7—C8	33.8 (16)	C16—C11—C17—C18	−34.9 (14)
C7—C1—C2—C3	−178.7 (10)	C17—C11—C12—C13	179.6 (9)
C7—C1—C6—C5	177.1 (9)	C17—C11—C16—C15	−179.0 (10)
C7—C8—C9—C10	176.2 (10)	C17—C18—C19—C20	178.3 (11)
C8—C9—C10—O1	−170.6 (13)	C18—C19—C20—O2	−175.1 (11)

(3P1_33GPa)

Crystal data

C9H12O	F(000) = 296
Mr = 136.19	Dx = 1.284 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, Cc	Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.22292 Å
a = 9.612 (3) Å	Cell parameters from 473 reflections
b = 19.020 (3) Å	θ = 2.0–15.4°
c = 4.924 (2) Å	µ = 0.03 mm^−1
β = 128.48 (5)°	T = 293 K
V = 704.7 (6) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 4	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm

Data collection

Esperanto-CrysAlisPro-abstract goniometer imported esperanto images diffractometer	5926 independent reflections
Radiation source: synchrotron	1804 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Synchrotron monochromator	Rint = 0.053
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 21.9°, θmin = 1.7°
ω scans	h = −20→20
Absorption correction: multi-scan CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.105a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2024) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.	k = −57→55
Tmin = 0.528, Tmax = 1.000	l = −7→10
6876 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Hydrogen site location: mixed
Least-squares matrix: full	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.075	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2)] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
wR(F^2) = 0.286	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
S = 0.91	Δρmax = 0.22 e Å^−3
5926 reflections	Δρmin = −0.15 e Å^−3
95 parameters	Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 532 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
2 restraints	Absolute structure parameter: −10.0 (10)
Primary atom site location: dual

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O1	0.1602 (4)	0.52941 (8)	−0.0519 (8)	0.0528 (7)
C9	0.1985 (2)	0.60163 (8)	0.0376 (6)	0.0360 (6)
H9A	0.281321	0.606705	0.287860	0.043*
H9B	0.090242	0.626679	−0.047983	0.043*
C8	0.2776 (2)	0.63179 (10)	−0.1200 (5)	0.0341 (6)
H8A	0.280347	0.682605	−0.100264	0.041*
H8B	0.201039	0.620227	−0.365000	0.041*
C2	0.7017 (2)	0.57854 (8)	0.6785 (6)	0.0392 (6)
H2	0.690741	0.531119	0.622251	0.047*
C1	0.59768 (19)	0.62756 (8)	0.4188 (5)	0.0333 (5)
C4	0.8401 (2)	0.66947 (12)	1.1093 (6)	0.0435 (8)
H4	0.919404	0.683277	1.340312	0.052*
C6	0.6194 (3)	0.69839 (9)	0.5084 (6)	0.0447 (8)
H6	0.552500	0.732042	0.335909	0.054*
C5	0.7393 (3)	0.71928 (9)	0.8515 (6)	0.0422 (7)
H5	0.752262	0.766707	0.908638	0.051*
C3	0.8224 (2)	0.59949 (10)	1.0226 (6)	0.0388 (7)
H3	0.891564	0.566065	1.195066	0.047*
C7	0.4651 (2)	0.60574 (13)	0.0456 (7)	0.0449 (8)
H7A	0.463699	0.554845	0.031478	0.054*
H7B	0.502147	0.624092	−0.084220	0.054*
H1	0.138 (4)	0.5065 (16)	0.126 (10)	0.027 (6)*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1	0.0824 (13)	0.0366 (6)	0.0588 (14)	−0.0109 (7)	0.0536 (11)	−0.0049 (6)
C9	0.0408 (6)	0.0347 (6)	0.0378 (11)	−0.0032 (5)	0.0270 (6)	−0.0035 (5)
C8	0.0324 (5)	0.0422 (7)	0.0286 (9)	−0.0017 (5)	0.0194 (6)	0.0001 (5)
C2	0.0328 (6)	0.0314 (6)	0.0440 (11)	0.0015 (4)	0.0193 (6)	−0.0015 (5)
C1	0.0282 (5)	0.0376 (6)	0.0343 (9)	−0.0025 (4)	0.0195 (5)	−0.0033 (5)
C4	0.0315 (6)	0.0488 (9)	0.0343 (11)	−0.0024 (5)	0.0126 (6)	−0.0048 (6)
C6	0.0448 (8)	0.0312 (6)	0.0384 (11)	−0.0014 (5)	0.0162 (7)	0.0020 (5)
C5	0.0433 (7)	0.0364 (7)	0.0399 (12)	−0.0042 (5)	0.0224 (7)	−0.0048 (6)
C3	0.0291 (5)	0.0462 (8)	0.0373 (11)	0.0038 (5)	0.0187 (6)	0.0049 (7)
C7	0.0322 (6)	0.0586 (11)	0.0371 (12)	−0.0026 (6)	0.0183 (7)	−0.0129 (8)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—C9	1.419 (2)	C1—C6	1.392 (2)
O1—H1	1.11 (5)	C1—C7	1.503 (3)
C9—H9A	0.9700	C4—H4	0.9300
C9—H9B	0.9700	C4—C5	1.385 (3)
C9—C8	1.498 (4)	C4—C3	1.376 (3)
C8—H8A	0.9700	C6—H6	0.9300
C8—H8B	0.9700	C6—C5	1.385 (3)
C8—C7	1.526 (3)	C5—H5	0.9300
C2—H2	0.9300	C3—H3	0.9300
C2—C1	1.383 (3)	C7—H7A	0.9700
C2—C3	1.389 (3)	C7—H7B	0.9700
C9—O1—H1	106.0 (19)	C5—C4—H4	120.1
O1—C9—H9A	109.9	C3—C4—H4	120.1
O1—C9—H9B	109.9	C3—C4—C5	119.8 (2)
O1—C9—C8	109.1 (2)	C1—C6—H6	119.6
H9A—C9—H9B	108.3	C5—C6—C1	120.74 (17)
C8—C9—H9A	109.9	C5—C6—H6	119.6
C8—C9—H9B	109.9	C4—C5—C6	119.92 (18)
C9—C8—H8A	108.7	C4—C5—H5	120.0
C9—C8—H8B	108.7	C6—C5—H5	120.0
C9—C8—C7	114.2 (2)	C2—C3—H3	119.9
H8A—C8—H8B	107.6	C4—C3—C2	120.29 (17)
C7—C8—H8A	108.7	C4—C3—H3	119.9
C7—C8—H8B	108.7	C8—C7—H7A	109.1
C1—C2—H2	119.7	C8—C7—H7B	109.1
C1—C2—C3	120.59 (16)	C1—C7—C8	112.6 (3)
C3—C2—H2	119.7	C1—C7—H7A	109.1
C2—C1—C6	118.66 (18)	C1—C7—H7B	109.1
C2—C1—C7	121.30 (18)	H7A—C7—H7B	107.8
C6—C1—C7	120.04 (17)
O1—C9—C8—C7	−70.3 (2)	C6—C1—C7—C8	−56.3 (4)
C9—C8—C7—C1	−64.1 (3)	C5—C4—C3—C2	−1.2 (5)
C2—C1—C6—C5	−1.6 (4)	C3—C2—C1—C6	1.5 (4)
C2—C1—C7—C8	124.5 (3)	C3—C2—C1—C7	−179.4 (3)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.1 (4)	C3—C4—C5—C6	1.0 (5)
C1—C6—C5—C4	0.4 (5)	C7—C1—C6—C5	179.2 (3)

(3P0_66GPa)

Crystal data

C9H12O	F(000) = 296
Mr = 136.19	Dx = 1.224 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, Cc	Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.22292 Å
a = 9.7832 (15) Å	Cell parameters from 539 reflections
b = 19.299 (3) Å	θ = 1.9–15.0°
c = 5.0101 (6) Å	µ = 0.02 mm^−1
β = 128.64 (2)°	T = 293 K
V = 738.8 (2) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 4	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm

Data collection

Esperanto-CrysAlisPro-abstract goniometer imported esperanto images diffractometer	6233 independent reflections
Radiation source: synchrotron	1723 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Synchrotron monochromator	Rint = 0.032
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 21.8°, θmin = 1.6°
ω scans	h = −26→28
Absorption correction: multi-scan CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.105a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2024) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.	k = −34→43
Tmin = 0.354, Tmax = 1.000	l = −15→14
7469 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Hydrogen site location: mixed
Least-squares matrix: full	H atoms treated by a mixture of independent and constrained refinement
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.062	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.0887P)^2] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
wR(F^2) = 0.237	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
S = 0.95	Δρmax = 0.13 e Å^−3
6233 reflections	Δρmin = −0.12 e Å^−3
95 parameters	Absolute structure: Flack x determined using 487 quotients [(I+)-(I-)]/[(I+)+(I-)] (Parsons, Flack and Wagner, Acta Cryst. B69 (2013) 249-259).
2 restraints	Absolute structure parameter: 10.0 (10)
Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O1	0.1669 (3)	0.52929 (12)	−0.0481 (4)	0.0579 (5)
C9	0.20043 (19)	0.60007 (12)	0.0356 (3)	0.0422 (5)
H9A	0.280491	0.605511	0.281949	0.051*
H9B	0.092244	0.623755	−0.052445	0.051*
C8	0.27949 (17)	0.63167 (11)	−0.1166 (3)	0.0397 (4)
H8A	0.280077	0.681680	−0.096442	0.048*
H8B	0.205417	0.620492	−0.358152	0.048*
C2	0.6990 (2)	0.57983 (14)	0.6759 (4)	0.0447 (4)
H2	0.687336	0.533156	0.618981	0.054*
C1	0.59651 (18)	0.62914 (11)	0.4196 (3)	0.0389 (4)
C4	0.8377 (2)	0.66870 (15)	1.1047 (3)	0.0494 (5)
H4	0.917192	0.681939	1.332593	0.059*
C6	0.6177 (2)	0.69780 (13)	0.5124 (4)	0.0486 (5)
H6	0.550360	0.731082	0.343805	0.058*
C5	0.7371 (3)	0.71876 (15)	0.8509 (4)	0.0521 (5)
H5	0.749889	0.765460	0.907966	0.063*
C3	0.8190 (2)	0.60028 (15)	1.0174 (4)	0.0509 (5)
H3	0.886700	0.567118	1.186396	0.061*
C7	0.4644 (2)	0.60760 (14)	0.0487 (3)	0.0490 (5)
H7A	0.464801	0.557479	0.034672	0.059*
H7B	0.500107	0.626337	−0.078892	0.059*
H1	0.169 (5)	0.499 (2)	0.102 (6)	0.051 (7)*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1	0.0925 (12)	0.0460 (16)	0.0604 (7)	−0.0123 (8)	0.0600 (8)	−0.0072 (6)
C9	0.0467 (7)	0.0498 (16)	0.0412 (5)	−0.0045 (6)	0.0328 (5)	−0.0047 (5)
C8	0.0408 (6)	0.0472 (14)	0.0341 (4)	−0.0031 (5)	0.0250 (4)	0.0005 (4)
C2	0.0416 (7)	0.0362 (17)	0.0533 (8)	0.0018 (6)	0.0282 (6)	−0.0016 (6)
C1	0.0368 (5)	0.0443 (14)	0.0375 (5)	−0.0028 (5)	0.0240 (4)	−0.0038 (5)
C4	0.0389 (7)	0.0616 (19)	0.0378 (5)	−0.0049 (6)	0.0191 (5)	−0.0049 (5)
C6	0.0547 (9)	0.0415 (17)	0.0389 (6)	−0.0033 (7)	0.0239 (6)	−0.0001 (5)
C5	0.0527 (9)	0.0450 (19)	0.0475 (7)	−0.0057 (8)	0.0258 (6)	−0.0103 (6)
C3	0.0374 (7)	0.0575 (19)	0.0466 (7)	0.0040 (6)	0.0208 (5)	0.0091 (7)
C7	0.0425 (7)	0.0681 (17)	0.0405 (5)	−0.0066 (6)	0.0278 (5)	−0.0151 (6)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—C9	1.406 (3)	C1—C6	1.376 (3)
O1—H1	0.94 (4)	C1—C7	1.5156 (18)
C9—H9A	0.9700	C4—H4	0.9300
C9—H9B	0.9700	C4—C5	1.399 (4)
C9—C8	1.5126 (19)	C4—C3	1.367 (4)
C8—H8A	0.9700	C6—H6	0.9300
C8—H8B	0.9700	C6—C5	1.389 (2)
C8—C7	1.517 (2)	C5—H5	0.9300
C2—H2	0.9300	C3—H3	0.9300
C2—C1	1.397 (3)	C7—H7A	0.9700
C2—C3	1.397 (2)	C7—H7B	0.9700
C9—O1—H1	118 (2)	C5—C4—H4	120.0
O1—C9—H9A	109.7	C3—C4—H4	120.0
O1—C9—H9B	109.7	C3—C4—C5	119.92 (15)
O1—C9—C8	109.82 (13)	C1—C6—H6	119.1
H9A—C9—H9B	108.2	C1—C6—C5	121.80 (19)
C8—C9—H9A	109.7	C5—C6—H6	119.1
C8—C9—H9B	109.7	C4—C5—H5	120.4
C9—C8—H8A	108.7	C6—C5—C4	119.1 (2)
C9—C8—H8B	108.7	C6—C5—H5	120.4
C9—C8—C7	114.31 (15)	C2—C3—H3	119.8
H8A—C8—H8B	107.6	C4—C3—C2	120.46 (19)
C7—C8—H8A	108.7	C4—C3—H3	119.8
C7—C8—H8B	108.7	C8—C7—H7A	108.9
C1—C2—H2	119.8	C8—C7—H7B	108.9
C1—C2—C3	120.3 (2)	C1—C7—C8	113.50 (13)
C3—C2—H2	119.8	C1—C7—H7A	108.9
C2—C1—C7	120.9 (2)	C1—C7—H7B	108.9
C6—C1—C2	118.37 (14)	H7A—C7—H7B	107.7
C6—C1—C7	120.75 (17)
O1—C9—C8—C7	−69.7 (2)	C6—C1—C7—C8	−56.3 (2)
C9—C8—C7—C1	−64.6 (2)	C5—C4—C3—C2	−0.5 (3)
C2—C1—C6—C5	−0.1 (3)	C3—C2—C1—C6	0.4 (2)
C2—C1—C7—C8	123.34 (19)	C3—C2—C1—C7	−179.30 (17)
C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.1 (3)	C3—C4—C5—C6	0.7 (3)
C1—C6—C5—C4	−0.4 (3)	C7—C1—C6—C5	179.52 (18)

(2P1_21GPa)

Crystal data

C8H10O	F(000) = 264
Mr = 122.16	Dx = 1.309 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, P21/c	Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.22292 Å
a = 15.1840 (15) Å	Cell parameters from 661 reflections
b = 5.1210 (3) Å	θ = 2.0–17.4°
c = 8.0258 (11) Å	µ = 0.03 mm^−1
β = 96.776 (13)°	T = 293 K
V = 619.71 (11) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 4	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm

Data collection

Esperanto-CrysAlisPro-abstract goniometer imported esperanto images diffractometer	6940 independent reflections
Radiation source: synchrotron	1770 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Synchrotron monochromator	Rint = 0.034
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm^-1	θmax = 22.0°, θmin = 1.5°
ω scans	h = −40→39
Absorption correction: multi-scan CrysAlisPro 1.171.43.105a (Rigaku Oxford Diffraction, 2024) Empirical absorption correction using spherical harmonics, implemented in SCALE3 ABSPACK scaling algorithm.	k = −14→16
Tmin = 0.741, Tmax = 1.000	l = −16→17
11224 measured reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: dual
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.093	All H-atom parameters refined
wR(F^2) = 0.352	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.1556P)^2] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
S = 0.92	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
6940 reflections	Δρmax = 0.54 e Å^−3
122 parameters	Δρmin = −0.24 e Å^−3
9 restraints

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O1	0.47925 (7)	0.78406 (15)	0.67974 (18)	0.0498 (4)
C8	0.39241 (8)	0.80444 (17)	0.5932 (2)	0.0447 (4)
C5	0.14301 (9)	0.30387 (18)	0.3049 (2)	0.0420 (4)
C6	0.23141 (8)	0.32364 (16)	0.37227 (18)	0.0372 (3)
C7	0.35563 (7)	0.53498 (17)	0.55877 (19)	0.0389 (4)
C2	0.19743 (8)	0.70743 (16)	0.52125 (19)	0.0385 (4)
C3	0.10882 (8)	0.68767 (18)	0.4539 (2)	0.0397 (4)
C1	0.25981 (7)	0.52558 (14)	0.48245 (16)	0.0318 (3)
C4	0.08185 (8)	0.48531 (19)	0.34430 (19)	0.0401 (4)
H8A	0.3509 (15)	0.921 (4)	0.661 (3)	0.067 (6)*
H6	0.2806 (13)	0.196 (3)	0.328 (3)	0.044 (4)*
H4	0.0116 (11)	0.456 (3)	0.312 (4)	0.053 (5)*
H7A	0.358 (2)	0.447 (5)	0.683 (3)	0.094 (9)*
H8B	0.392 (2)	0.905 (6)	0.474 (3)	0.086 (8)*
H3	0.0609 (13)	0.817 (3)	0.507 (3)	0.051 (5)*
H5	0.133 (2)	0.159 (4)	0.205 (3)	0.067 (6)*
H7B	0.4009 (13)	0.425 (4)	0.493 (3)	0.056 (5)*
H2	0.2123 (17)	0.856 (3)	0.614 (3)	0.052 (5)*
H1	0.471 (2)	0.961 (4)	0.754 (5)	0.074 (7)*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1	0.0346 (5)	0.0415 (4)	0.0685 (9)	−0.0018 (3)	−0.0144 (6)	−0.0033 (3)
C8	0.0356 (6)	0.0334 (4)	0.0608 (10)	−0.0010 (3)	−0.0122 (7)	−0.0007 (4)
C5	0.0420 (6)	0.0367 (4)	0.0449 (9)	−0.0065 (3)	−0.0051 (7)	−0.0053 (3)
C6	0.0379 (5)	0.0313 (3)	0.0411 (8)	0.0009 (3)	−0.0005 (6)	−0.0037 (3)
C7	0.0318 (5)	0.0330 (3)	0.0497 (9)	−0.0002 (3)	−0.0040 (6)	0.0010 (3)
C2	0.0339 (5)	0.0336 (4)	0.0462 (8)	0.0007 (3)	−0.0028 (6)	−0.0072 (3)
C3	0.0319 (5)	0.0375 (4)	0.0480 (9)	0.0038 (3)	−0.0020 (6)	−0.0009 (3)
C1	0.0301 (4)	0.0283 (3)	0.0358 (7)	−0.0005 (2)	−0.0011 (5)	0.0014 (3)
C4	0.0341 (5)	0.0398 (4)	0.0439 (9)	−0.0044 (3)	−0.0057 (6)	0.0038 (4)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—C8	1.4197 (11)	C7—C1	1.5112 (12)
O1—H1	1.10 (3)	C7—H7A	1.093 (18)
C8—C7	1.5021 (12)	C7—H7B	1.076 (17)
C8—H8A	1.061 (18)	C2—C3	1.3932 (14)
C8—H8B	1.090 (18)	C2—C1	1.3896 (17)
C5—C6	1.3904 (15)	C2—H2	1.072 (15)
C5—C4	1.377 (2)	C3—C4	1.3892 (15)
C5—H5	1.089 (16)	C3—H3	1.104 (17)
C6—C1	1.3955 (13)	C4—H4	1.078 (15)
C6—H6	1.084 (17)
C8—O1—H1	92.4 (15)	C1—C7—H7A	106.6 (18)
O1—C8—C7	109.04 (7)	C1—C7—H7B	115.1 (11)
O1—C8—H8A	111.4 (13)	H7A—C7—H7B	106 (2)
O1—C8—H8B	111.7 (17)	C3—C2—H2	115.9 (14)
C7—C8—H8A	112.4 (14)	C1—C2—C3	121.12 (9)
C7—C8—H8B	108.2 (16)	C1—C2—H2	122.6 (13)
H8A—C8—H8B	104 (2)	C2—C3—H3	117.2 (11)
C6—C5—H5	112.5 (18)	C4—C3—C2	119.93 (11)
C4—C5—C6	120.52 (9)	C4—C3—H3	122.1 (10)
C4—C5—H5	126.0 (17)	C6—C1—C7	119.42 (10)
C5—C6—C1	120.83 (11)	C2—C1—C6	118.09 (8)
C5—C6—H6	119.9 (10)	C2—C1—C7	122.47 (8)
C1—C6—H6	118.9 (10)	C5—C4—C3	119.50 (9)
C8—C7—C1	115.03 (7)	C5—C4—H4	121.8 (12)
C8—C7—H7A	103.7 (15)	C3—C4—H4	117.6 (13)
C8—C7—H7B	109.0 (12)
O1—C8—C7—C1	174.13 (14)	C2—C3—C4—C5	0.8 (2)
C8—C7—C1—C6	148.10 (15)	C3—C2—C1—C6	0.7 (2)
C8—C7—C1—C2	−33.7 (2)	C3—C2—C1—C7	−177.46 (13)
C5—C6—C1—C7	177.56 (13)	C1—C2—C3—C4	−0.8 (2)
C5—C6—C1—C2	−0.7 (2)	C4—C5—C6—C1	0.7 (2)
C6—C5—C4—C3	−0.7 (2)

(2P0_72GPa)

Crystal data

C8H10O	F(000) = 264
Mr = 122.16	Dx = 1.258 Mg m^−3
Monoclinic, P21/c	Synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.22292 Å
a = 15.173 (2) Å	Cell parameters from 572 reflections
b = 5.1681 (3) Å	θ = 1.5–16.4°
c = 8.2836 (17) Å	µ = 0.02 mm^−1
β = 96.870 (16)°	T = 293 K
V = 644.92 (16) Å^3	Disc, colourless
Z = 4	0.3 × 0.2 × 0.2 mm

Data collection

Esperanto-CrysAlisPro-abstract goniometer imported esperanto images diffractometer	1505 reflections with I > 2σ(I)
Radiation source: synchrotron	Rint = 0.061
Synchrotron monochromator	θmax = 21.9°, θmin = 1.5°
Detector resolution: 13.3333 pixels mm^-1	h = −36→36
ω scans	k = −14→15
12634 measured reflections	l = −16→20
7765 independent reflections

Refinement

Refinement on F^2	Primary atom site location: structure-invariant direct methods
Least-squares matrix: full	Hydrogen site location: difference Fourier map
R[F^2 > 2σ(F^2)] = 0.096	All H-atom parameters refined
wR(F^2) = 0.446	w = 1/[σ^2(Fo^2) + (0.194P)^2] where P = (Fo^2 + 2Fc^2)/3
S = 0.88	(Δ/σ)max < 0.001
7765 reflections	Δρmax = 0.23 e Å^−3
122 parameters	Δρmin = −0.20 e Å^−3
9 restraints

Special details

Geometry. All esds (except the esd in the dihedral angle between two l.s. planes) are estimated using the full covariance matrix. The cell esds are taken into account individually in the estimation of esds in distances, angles and torsion angles; correlations between esds in cell parameters are only used when they are defined by crystal symmetry. An approximate (isotropic) treatment of cell esds is used for estimating esds involving l.s. planes.

Fractional atomic coordinates and isotropic or equivalent isotropic displacement parameters (Ų)

	x	y	z	Uiso*/Ueq
O1	0.47960 (7)	0.77957 (16)	0.6812 (2)	0.0681 (6)
C8	0.39299 (10)	0.79873 (19)	0.5956 (3)	0.0622 (6)
C5	0.14520 (11)	0.3092 (2)	0.3076 (3)	0.0587 (6)
C6	0.23356 (9)	0.32982 (18)	0.3744 (2)	0.0536 (5)
C7	0.35565 (9)	0.53534 (18)	0.5611 (3)	0.0579 (6)
C2	0.19685 (9)	0.70494 (19)	0.5207 (2)	0.0556 (5)
C3	0.10826 (9)	0.6833 (2)	0.4542 (2)	0.0574 (6)
C1	0.26027 (7)	0.52693 (15)	0.48401 (18)	0.0460 (4)
C4	0.08327 (9)	0.4855 (2)	0.3455 (2)	0.0573 (6)
H8A	0.3513 (17)	0.930 (4)	0.656 (4)	0.087 (7)*
H6	0.2794 (17)	0.197 (4)	0.320 (4)	0.075 (7)*
H4	0.0133 (11)	0.469 (3)	0.314 (4)	0.052 (5)*
H7A	0.364 (2)	0.445 (6)	0.683 (3)	0.107 (10)*
H8B	0.398 (2)	0.920 (6)	0.488 (3)	0.102 (9)*
H3	0.0673 (16)	0.820 (3)	0.512 (4)	0.071 (6)*
H5	0.128 (3)	0.158 (4)	0.221 (4)	0.085 (7)*
H7B	0.3998 (15)	0.422 (5)	0.499 (3)	0.084 (7)*
H2	0.2170 (19)	0.859 (3)	0.603 (3)	0.072 (6)*
H1	0.4712 (19)	0.958 (4)	0.748 (4)	0.068 (6)*

Atomic displacement parameters (Ų)

	U^11	U^22	U^33	U^12	U^13	U^23
O1	0.0456 (6)	0.0479 (4)	0.1020 (14)	−0.0023 (3)	−0.0271 (8)	−0.0026 (4)
C8	0.0461 (6)	0.0398 (4)	0.0930 (15)	−0.0017 (3)	−0.0238 (8)	−0.0007 (5)
C5	0.0543 (8)	0.0451 (5)	0.0721 (13)	−0.0075 (4)	−0.0115 (9)	−0.0072 (5)
C6	0.0487 (7)	0.0380 (4)	0.0705 (12)	0.0014 (3)	−0.0082 (8)	−0.0044 (4)
C7	0.0410 (6)	0.0385 (4)	0.0891 (15)	0.0003 (3)	−0.0139 (8)	0.0016 (4)
C2	0.0416 (6)	0.0413 (4)	0.0799 (13)	0.0017 (3)	−0.0099 (8)	−0.0102 (4)
C3	0.0424 (6)	0.0462 (5)	0.0795 (14)	0.0040 (3)	−0.0094 (8)	−0.0007 (5)
C1	0.0380 (5)	0.0333 (3)	0.0633 (10)	−0.0012 (2)	−0.0083 (6)	0.0026 (3)
C4	0.0425 (6)	0.0481 (5)	0.0758 (13)	−0.0066 (3)	−0.0149 (8)	0.0056 (5)

Geometric parameters (Å, º)

O1—C8	1.4199 (12)	C7—C1	1.5112 (13)
O1—H1	1.09 (3)	C7—H7A	1.104 (18)
C8—C7	1.4889 (14)	C7—H7B	1.066 (18)
C8—H8A	1.091 (18)	C2—C3	1.3949 (15)
C8—H8B	1.104 (18)	C2—C1	1.3908 (19)
C5—C6	1.3918 (16)	C2—H2	1.068 (16)
C5—C4	1.372 (2)	C3—C4	1.385 (2)
C5—H5	1.070 (16)	C3—H3	1.087 (18)
C6—C1	1.3924 (16)	C4—H4	1.066 (15)
C6—H6	1.111 (18)
C8—O1—H1	92.1 (12)	C1—C7—H7A	112.0 (19)
O1—C8—C7	109.89 (8)	C1—C7—H7B	113.9 (14)
O1—C8—H8A	111.5 (15)	H7A—C7—H7B	101 (2)
O1—C8—H8B	106.8 (16)	C3—C2—H2	120.1 (15)
C7—C8—H8A	115.4 (15)	C1—C2—C3	121.32 (10)
C7—C8—H8B	115.3 (17)	C1—C2—H2	118.6 (15)
H8A—C8—H8B	97 (2)	C2—C3—H3	110.5 (15)
C6—C5—H5	118 (2)	C4—C3—C2	119.47 (13)
C4—C5—C6	120.80 (11)	C4—C3—H3	129.6 (14)
C4—C5—H5	121 (2)	C6—C1—C7	119.09 (11)
C5—C6—C1	120.43 (13)	C2—C1—C6	118.13 (10)
C5—C6—H6	114.3 (15)	C2—C1—C7	122.77 (10)
C1—C6—H6	124.7 (15)	C5—C4—C3	119.81 (10)
C8—C7—C1	115.50 (8)	C5—C4—H4	125.4 (11)
C8—C7—H7A	102.2 (17)	C3—C4—H4	114.0 (12)
C8—C7—H7B	110.5 (15)
O1—C8—C7—C1	174.61 (17)	C2—C3—C4—C5	1.7 (3)
C8—C7—C1—C6	146.68 (19)	C3—C2—C1—C6	2.1 (3)
C8—C7—C1—C2	−34.9 (3)	C3—C2—C1—C7	−176.38 (16)
C5—C6—C1—C7	176.73 (15)	C1—C2—C3—C4	−2.0 (3)
C5—C6—C1—C2	−1.8 (3)	C4—C5—C6—C1	1.5 (3)
C6—C5—C4—C3	−1.4 (3)