Coherence and wavefront characterization of Si-111 monochromators using double-grating interferometry

Measurement of the complex coherence function and wavefront analysis after different optical elements of a synchrotron beamline such as monochromators and mirrors using a double-grating interferometer.

X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements using an X-ray phase retarder on the BM25 A-SpLine beamline at the ESRF

The experimental set-up at SpLine (BM25A, ESRF) to measure XMCD by using a diamond X-ray phase retarder to obtain circularly polarized X-rays is described.

Kinoform optics applied to X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy

Vertical focusing via silicon kinoform lenses has been applied to better use the coherent flux delivered by insertion devices at third-generation synchrotron sources for small-angle X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy experiments.

Application of magnetic Compton scattering for spin-specific magnetic hysteresis measurement

Magnetic Compton scattering is applied to measure a spin-specific magnetic hysteresis loop.

In vivo pink-beam imaging and fast alignment procedure for rat brain lesion microbeam radiation therapy

A fast 50 µm-accuracy alignment procedure has been developed for the radiosurgery of brain lesions in rats, using microbeam radiation therapy.

X-ray focusing by the system of refractive lens(es) placed inside asymmetric channel-cut crystals

The current work shows the calculation and study of an X-ray one-dimensionally focusing system composed of Bragg double-asymmetric-reflecting two-crystal plane parallel plates and a double-concave cylindrical parabolic lens placed in the gap between the plates. The focusing distance is calculated, intensity distribution curves are given in the focusing plane and on the focusing line, and the intensity at the focus point and the longitudinal and transverse sizes of the focus are defined.

In situ X-ray diffraction study on the growth kinetics of NiO nanoparticles

The growth kinetics of NiO nanoparticles have been studied by in situ X-ray diffraction using two detection systems: conventional and imaging plate. The evolution of particles size and the diffusion coefficient obtained from X-ray powder diffraction patterns are discussed in terms of the thermal conditions for the two types of detection.

Tracing X-rays through an L-shaped laterally graded multilayer mirror: a synchrotron application

A synchrotron application of an L-shaped laterally graded X-ray multilayer mirror is presented through theoretical ray-tracing using the parameters required for the analyzer system of the IXS beamline at NSLS II.

Density measurement of samples under high pressure using synchrotron microtomography and diamond anvil cell techniques

An algorithm is developed to extract accurate mass density information from tomography data of a sample embedded in a diamond anvil cell in a high-pressure environment.

Electronic structure effects on B K-edge XANES of minerals

In order to reproduce principal B K-edge XANES features in boron-containing minerals, it is sufficient to use a non-self-consistent potential with a relaxed and screened core hole. The core hole affects the spectrum significantly, especially in the pre-edge region.

The pathogenesis of Randall's plaque: a papilla cartography of Ca compounds through an ex vivo investigation based on XANES spectroscopy

For the first time, ex vivo XANES investigations have revealed the chemical composition of an ectopic calcification, namely Randall's plaque, positioned at the top of the human papillae in kidney.

Simultaneous XAFS measurements of multiple samples

The development of a four-channel ionization chamber for parallel measurement of multiple XAFS spectra is described.

On the correlation between the X-ray absorption chemical shift and the formal valence state in mixed-valence manganites

The correlation between the chemical shift in X-ray absorption spectroscopy and the valence state in transition-metal compounds is revisited. The strengths and weaknesses of this correlation are discussed in comparison with other empirical and theoretical methods.

In vivo high-resolution synchrotron radiation imaging of collagen-induced arthritis in a rodent model

Structural changes in a collagen-induced arthritic rodent model were analyzed using high-resolution synchrotron radiation phase-contrast imaging.

Wavelength-dispersive spectrometer for X-ray microfluorescence analysis at the X-ray microscopy beamline ID21 (ESRF)

A polycapillary-based wavelength-dispersive spectrometer is reported. The design consideration as well as operation characteristics are presented.

Performance of a four-element Si drift detector for X-ray absorption fine-structure spectroscopy: resolution, maximum count rate, and dead-time correction with incorporation into the ATHENA data analysis software

The performance of a four-element Si drift detector for energy-dispersive fluorescence-yield X-ray absorption fine-structure measurements is reported, operating at the National Institute of Standards and Technology beamline X23A2 at the National Synchrotron Light Source.

In situ observation of Ni–Mo–S phase formed on NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalyst sulfided at high pressure by means of Ni and Mo K-edge EXAFS spectroscopy

Ni and Mo K-edge EXAFS measurement using a newly constructed high-pressure chamber revealed the formation of the Ni–Mo–S phase on NiMo/Al₂O₃ catalysts sulfided at 1.1 MPa and 613 K.

Silicon saw-tooth refractive lens for high-energy X-rays made using a diamond saw

A Si saw-tooth refractive lens, fabricated by a dicing process, is demonstrated to focus a 115 keV X-ray beam.

European Synchrotron User Organization established

A report on the establishment of the European Synchrotron User Organization (ESUO), a body representing the interests of synchrotron radiation users across Europe.

Current events