Optimization of the X-ray incidence angle in photoelectron spectrometers

The interplay between X-ray reflectivity, X-ray absorption and photoelectron attenuation in the photoelectron emission process is analyzed. The optimal X-ray incidence angle to maximize the photoelectron signal is evaluated in a wide VUV to hard X-ray energy range.

A novel monochromator for experiments with ultrashort X-ray pulses

The design and commissioning of a novel monochromator approach based on off-axis reflection zone-plate arrays for experiments with ultrashort soft X-ray pulses is described.

Integrated nonlinear optical imaging microscope for on-axis crystal detection and centering at a synchrotron beamline

Nonlinear optical (NLO) instrumentation has been integrated with synchrotron X-ray diffraction for combined single-platform analysis, examining the viability of NLO microscopy as an alternative to the conventional X-ray raster scan for the purposes of sample centering. Second-harmonic generation microscopy and two-photon excited ultraviolet fluorescence microscopy were evaluated for crystal detection, and assessed by X-ray raster scanning.

Resonant scattering and diffraction beamline P09 at PETRA III

The resonant scattering and diffraction beamline P09 at the new third-generation synchrotron radiation source PETRA III has been designed for resonant and non-resonant scattering experiments in the energy range from 2.7 keV to 32 keV requiring small beams, energy tunability, variable polarization and high photon flux.

Possibility of X-ray pulse compression using an asymmetric or inclined double-crystal monochromator

It is shown theoretically that the asymmetric or inclined double-crystal X-ray monochromator may be used for X-ray free-electron laser pulse compression if the pulse is properly chirped.

Predicting XAFS scattering path cumulants and XAFS spectra for metals (Cu, Ni, Fe, Ti, Au) using molecular dynamics simulations

Molecular dynamics simulations that employ different interatomic potentials are found to vary significantly in their predictions of XAFS scattering path cumulants and synthetic XAFS spectra for metallic solids.

Thermal deformation of cryogenically cooled silicon crystals under intense X-ray beams: measurement and finite-element predictions of the surface shape

The shape of cryogenically cooled monochromator crystals deformed by the heat load of the X-ray beam is derived from rocking curve measurements at various vertical positions of a narrow-gap slit downstream from the monochromator. Experimentally, it is observed that the crystal shape changes from concave to convex when beam power increases. The observations are accurately modelled by finite-element analysis, showing an excellent quantitative agreement with experiments.

X-ray microtomographic visualization of Escherichia coli by metalloprotein overexpression

Three-dimensional structures of Escherichia coli overexpressing a metalloprotein ferritin were visualized by synchrotron radiation microtomography.

VUV photochemistry simulation of planetary upper atmosphere using synchrotron radiation

A windowless gas reactor is coupled with a VUV synchrotron beamline. This new set-up enables various kinds of planetary upper atmospheric conditions to be simulated.

Large-aperture refractive lenses for momentum-resolved spectroscopy with hard X-rays

Large-aperture focusing lenses have been evaluated for momentum-resolved and flux-limited spectroscopy with hard X-rays.

In situ X-ray beam imaging using an off-axis magnifying coded aperture camera system

This paper presents an imaging model and a reconstruction algorithm for obtaining X-ray beam cross-sectional images from the data recorded by an X-ray beam monitor based on a coded aperture camera that collects radiation scattered from a thin foil placed in the X-ray beam at an oblique angle.

Accuracy evaluation in temperature-dependent EXAFS measurements of CdTe

The uncertainty in temperature-dependent EXAFS measurements on CdTe is discussed, focusing on the first-shell bond thermal expansion, parallel and perpendicular mean square relative displacements and the third cumulant.

Soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering spectroscopy below 100 eV: probing first-row transition-metal M-edges in chemical complexes

M-edge XAS on a series of 3d metal complexes and M-edge RIXS on a covalent complex are reported for the first time, encouraging synchrotron-based M-edge measurements on more complicated samples in the future. Application of a superconducting tunnel junction X-ray detector to M-edge measurements is also discussed.

Capability of insulator study by photoemission electron microscopy at SPring-8

A photoemission electron microscopy measurement system on insulating samples was established at the BL17SU beamline of SPring-8 by utilizing an Au pattern evaporation technique combined with photon-induced surface modification.

In situ SAXS studies of the formation of sodium jarosite

This paper reports the results of time-resolved synchrotron small-angle scattering where natrojarosites were synthesized in situ to observe the species produced at the earliest stages of nucleation. A single nucleation event is observed, followed by the development of an amorphous precursor phase before jarosite crystallizes.

X-ray absorption study of the local structure at the NiO/oxide interfaces

The local structure of the Ni atoms located at the interfaces formed by the deposition of NiO on selected oxides has been studied by means of XANES at the Ni K-edge.

Temperature dependence of pre-edge features in Ti K-edge XANES spectra for ATiO₃ (A = Ca and Sr), A₂TiO₄ (A = Mg and Fe), TiO₂ rutile and TiO₂ anatase

The absorption intensity invariant point (AIIP) was found to be between the pre-edge and post-edge in XANES spectra of various titanium compounds. Use of the AIIP peak intensity as a standard point enables a quantitative comparison of the intensity of the pre-edge peaks in various titanium compounds over a wide temperature range.

On the application of a single-crystal κ-diffractometer and a CCD area detector for studies of thin films

The flexible geometry of a multipurpose κ-diffractometer has been utilized in the study of a range of various thin film systems.

The macromolecular crystallography beamline I911-3 at the MAX IV laboratory

The updated macromolecular crystallography beamline I911-3 at the MAX II storage ring is described.

Optical design of the Short Pulse Soft X-ray Spectroscopy beamline at the Advanced Photon Source

The optical design of the SPSXS beamline at the APS is described. The beamline will allow time-resolved experiments in the picosecond range with moderate resolution and relatively high linear and circular polarized flux.

Upgraded ESRF BM29 beamline for SAXS on macromolecules in solution

A description of the new ESRF BioSAXS beamline is given. The beamline presented is dedicated to small-angle X-ray scattering of macromolecules in solution operating with a high-throughput sample-changer robot and automated data analysis for quality control and feedback.

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