An injector testbed based on a direct current gun and an interchangeable very high frequency gun for superconducting continuous-wave free-electron lasers

Li, X.; Sun, J.; Yu, Y.; Shao, J.; Yang, J.; Zhou, Q.; Ding, H.; Shi, L.; Tao, K.; Guo, C.; He, Z.; Chen, Z.; Chen, Z.; Peng, S.; Wang, H.; Zhang, G.; Zhang, B.; Li, Z.; Zhao, F.; Wei, W.; Huang, M.; Wang, W.; Liu, M.; He, C.; Hu, L.; Wang, Y.; Li, H.; Yue, W.; Wang, X.; Wu, G.; Dai, D.; Zhang, W.; Yang, X.

doi:10.1107/S160057752500311X

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Figure 2
Optimized results of the ESTF injector with ∼300 kV DC gun (a, b) and 750 kV VHF gun (c, d). (a, c) Pareto fronts of the normalized emittance and bunch length; (b, d) HOE distributions of several typical points on the Pareto fronts with CM00: RMS bunch lengths σ_z of 1.2/1.6/2.1 (1.0/1.4/1.6) mm and corresponding RMS HOEs of 3.9/3.3/3.2 (4.0/3.9/3.9) keV for the DC (VHF) gun injector.

JOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION

ISSN: 1600-5775

Volume 32| Part 4| July 2025|

https://doi.org/10.1107/S160057752500311X

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