Development of arrival-time diagnostic tool for X-ray pump–probe experiments at Shanghai Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser

Qiao, Z.; Fan, J.; Gao, Z.; Nie, Y.; Wen, P.; Wang, X.; Yan, K.; Ren, H.; Wang, B.; Jiang, J.; Shen, Y.; Zhang, Y.; Zhu, W.; Shu, G.; Xue, C.; Guo, Z.; Liu, Z.; Yang, H.; Qi, Z.; Zhang, K.; Liu, T.; Wang, Z.; Feng, C.; Tong, Y.; Liu, Z.; Jiang, H.

doi:10.1107/S1600577525010653

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Figure 3
Arrival time of a single FEL pulse using the spectral-encoding timing diagnostic tool. (a) Spectrum of a single FEL pulse. (b) Distribution of the arrival time of a single pulse. (c) Distribution of the falling edge of a single pulse. (d) Distribution of the uncertainty of the arrival time t₀. (e) Distribution of the uncertainty of the falling edge τ₁. (f) Arrival time of 1800 pulses (the black dashed line represents the linear fit of the arrival time of each pulse and the red dashed line shows the enlarged linear fit on the right y axis, illustrating the drift of the XFEL pulses).

JOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION

ISSN: 1600-5775

Volume 33| Part 1| January 2026| Pages 44-51

https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577525010653

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