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Figure 5
(a) D&P electrolyte thin-film schematic sectional view highlighting various reasons for the increase of the electrolyte concentration at the analysis spot; (b) and (c) are XP spectra of the Pt/1 M CsOH electrode–electrolyte interface, respectively, showing the Cs 4d, Pt 4f and the O 1s signal when changing potentials from lower to higher values. The ∼1:5 ratio between H2O(l) and HO(aq) corresponds to a ∼10 M electrolyte concentration, which was consistent with the Cs 3d XPS intensity (not shown here). hν = 1800 eV, P = ∼15 mbar. (d) and (e) are a graphical illustration of the electrolyte concentration in the thin film on the XPS peak shape. Left panels represent the electrical potential drop at the interface, and right panels represent the expected XPS peak shape.

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