Multifunctional bending magnet beamline with a capillary optic for X-ray fluorescence studies of metals in tissue sections

Roter, B.; Crawford, A.M.; Jin, Q.; Glowacki, A.T.; Lai, B.; Marin, F.S.; Maxey, E.; Shi, X.; Culotta, V.C.; Wildeman, A.S.; Patel, N.K.; O'Halloran, T.V.; Jacobsen, C.

doi:10.1107/S1600577526000925

Figure 4
Limit of detection estimation at 8-BM using the capillary optic. We inspected histograms of low-mass concentration pixels $[\rho_{\rm{Ca}}^{\,\prime}]$ from the Ca image of the kidney partial section of Fig. 1

(c) taken at per-pixel dwell time t_dwell = 50 ms (thus, at an incident fluence of $[{\scr{F}}]$ = 2.8 × 10⁶ photons µm⁻² – see Section 3

) and of a photon statistics-corrected scan of an empty Si₃N₄ under the assumption of no Ca presence (we increased the distribution width of the histogram of the Si₃N₄ window scan by a factor of two for the statistics correction because we scanned it at t_dwell = 200 ms). We empirically estimated a limit of detection $[{\rm LOD}]$ ≃ 0.05 µg cm⁻² for the kidney partial section since we did not observe that many `false-positive' pixels in the empty Si₃N₄ window scan. Our limit of detection was an estimate; a more rigorous statistical approach [see Currie (1968

), for instance] would be needed for a more accurate determination of such a parameter. See Section 2.1

for more details about choosing to look at Ca for the kidney partial section.

JOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION

ISSN: 1600-5775

Volume 33| Part 2| March 2026| Pages 319-330

https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526000925

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