Wavefront sensing at a high-repetition-rate X-ray free-electron laser

Guest, T.; Vagovič, P.; Adriano, L.; Bielecki, J.; Birnsteinova, S.; Graceffa, R.; Koliyadu, J.; Morgan, K.; Moriyama, H.; Mosko, D.; Riessen, G.; Sabol, K.; Sato, T.; Szeles, P.; Taylor, Z.; Uličný, J.; Bean, R.; Mancuso, A.P.; Abbey, B.

doi:10.1107/S1600577526005898

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Figure 5
Fourier analysis of inter-train pointing-angle fluctuations at the European XFEL. (a, b) Temporal evolution of horizontal and vertical inter-train pointing errors, with shaded regions indicating the range of low-frequency oscillations, and their corresponding (c, e) frequency-domain representations. The mean (solid) and pulse-resolved (dotted) spectra are presented alongside frequency domain representations of simultaneous fluctuations in electron bunch position and pulse energy, as measured on the BPM and XGM, respectively. Magnified fits of the dominant Fourier modes are presented in panels (d, f), with the shaded trace quantifying the amplitude variation across the pulse train.

JOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION

ISSN: 1600-5775

Volume 33| Part 5| September 2026|

https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526005898

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