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Figure 6
Influence of electron bunch trajectory on X-ray wavefront. (a) Inter-train reductions in speckle-contrast are linearly correlated with vertical electron bunch displacement. (b) The spatial distribution of corresponding pulse energies, where contours illustrate the probability density of electron bunch positions, xe and ye, at the undulator source plane at two times throughout the pulse train (0 µs and 200 µs). The joint distribution of electron bunch positions and (c) horizontal and (d) vertical transverse tilts reveal an intra-train evolution of bunch position that is correlated with beam pointing. (e) This evolution is presented in (e), which illustrates the projected distributions of fluctuations in electron bunch position in the transverse plane. (f, g) These fluctuations are linearly correlated with wavefront tilt in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.

Journal logoJOURNAL OF
SYNCHROTRON
RADIATION
ISSN: 1600-5775
Volume 33| Part 5| September 2026|
https://doi.org/10.1107/S1600577526005898
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