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Figure 4
Nuclear forward and nuclear inelastic scattering results. (a) Time-dependent nuclear forward decay following X-ray excitation and (b) PDOS from a thinly spread Tm2O3 powder (∼4 µm). (c) Nuclear forward decay and (d) PDOS from a 45° inclined 10 µm Tm metal foil. The decay patterns were recorded 10 ns after X-ray excitation. The fit (red lines) allows one to extract the hyperfine parameters. The insets in (b) and (d) show the PDOS divided by the square of the energy, allowing the Debye level to be derived (red line). The gray shaded region is neglected in the calculation due to potential artefacts from the elastic line removal. The Debye-like behavior was assumed to be up to 9 meV for Tm2O3 and 5 meV for Tm metal.

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