For articles submitted electronically to IUCr journals, as for articles submitted by other means, copyright must be transferred (except as otherwise required by national laws) to the International Union of Crystallography. Authors submitting articles via the Crystallography Journals Online web site will be asked at a certain point in the process to read and agree to the terms of the Transfer of Copyright. Authors who are unable to transfer copyright owing to national laws will instead be asked to complete a short form giving details of why they cannot do this.